Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 9 po 15 sentyabrya 2019 goda23.08.2019 10:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 9 sentyabrya meteornyi potok Sentyabr'skie epsilon-Perseidy dostigaet maksimuma deistviya (zenitnoe chasovoe chislo meteorov - do 5), a 10 sentyabrya Neptun vstupaet v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 13 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,99+) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406377 km ot centra Zemli, a Merkurii proidet v 0,3 gr. yuzhnee Venery,. V etot zhe den' Luna bliz polnoluniya proidet okolo Neptuna.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 35 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 31,81 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 14 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,75+ do 1,0 i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca. 9 sentyabrya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga faze 0,84+ Zdes' nochnoe svetilo probudet do 12 sentyabrya, pereidya v etot den' v sozvezdie Vodoleya pri faze 0,96+. Zdes' 13 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,99+) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406377 km ot centra Zemli, a zatem proidet yuzhnee Neptuna pochti pri faze polnoluniya, kotoruyu primet 14 sentyabrya. V etot zhe den' polnaya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, na sleduyushii den' dostignuv sozvezdiya Kita. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera vidny na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh raionah strany. Mars ne viden, a Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu. Uran i Neptun nahodyatsya na nochnom nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica Africano (C/2018 W2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Andromedy i Perseya s bleskom okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Evnomiya (8,6m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya i Vesta (7,5m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: T Kassiopei 7,9m - 9 sentyabrya, X Zhirafa 8,1m - 9 sentyabrya, RS Bol'shoi Medvedicy 9,0m - 12 sentyabrya, R Kita 8,1m - 15 sentyabrya, RZ Pegasa 8,8m - 15 sentyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Saturn, Luna - Neptun, Merkurii - Venera, Mars - Regul, Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, Africano (C/2018 W2) - al'fa Perseya, P/SOHO (P/2008 Y12) ipsilon Vesov.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 9 sentyabrya - v 1904 godu, 10 sentyabrya - 1923 godu, 11 sentyabrya - v 1029 godu, 12 sentyabrya - v 1950 godu, 13 sentyabrya - v 1178 godu, 14 sentyabrya - v 1708 godu, 15 sentyabrya - v 1746 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 13 sentyabrya (7 zatmenii), a men'she vsego - 14 sentyabrya (2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii viden v luchah zahodyashego Solnca k koncu nedeli, no tol'ko v yuzhnyh raionah strany. Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 10 gradusov. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske, kotoryi umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot -1,4m do -0,7m i faze 0,99 - 0,95. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 1,38 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . 11 noyabrya 2019 goda Merkurii proidet po disku Solnca. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera imeet vechernyuyu vidimost', no vidna tol'ko v yuzhnyh raionah strany v luchah zahodyashego Solnca. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 9 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze blizkoi k 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 1,7 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Mars ne viden. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet menee 4 sekund dugi. Eto samyi malen'kii vidimyi diametr iz vseh yarkih planet. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 2,67 a.e.. 27 iyulya 2018 goda Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie. Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Sleduyushee protivostoyanie, blizkoe k velikomu, proizoidet 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya budet dostigat' 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter nablyudaetsya vecherom i noch'yu. Eto samyi blagopriyatnyi period v godu dlya nablyudenii planety, hotya Yupiter kul'miniruet v srednih shirotah nevysoko nad gorizontom, a vyshe severnogo polyarnogo kruga sovsem ne viden. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 37,3 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,17 - 5,28 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 17,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,53 do 9,64 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya pochti vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,17 do 19,09 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya opyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 28,93 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
11 Sep 2019 16h24m15.15s -23 10.537' 2.844 2.833 8.9 80.4 38.48 105.9 Oph
16 Sep 2019 16h29m47.53s -23 31.468' 2.848 2.903 9.0 76.8 40.62 104.8 Oph
Pallada (2)
11 Sep 2019 14h47m37.84s +11 22.186' 2.904 3.396 10.0 53.0 52.17 113.0 Boo
16 Sep 2019 14h54m13.80s +10 41.850' 2.915 3.448 10.0 50.5 53.03 112.0 Boo
Vesta (4)
11 Sep 2019 3h45m53.41s +11 08.439' 2.514 1.974 7.5 110.7 14.53 99.8 Tau
16 Sep 2019 3h47m30.96s +11 02.411' 2.517 1.919 7.5 115.1 10.17 110.4 Tau
Metida (9)
11 Sep 2019 2h32m34.50s + 7 53.417' 2.205 1.427 9.8 129.1 3.74 105.7 Cet
16 Sep 2019 2h32m40.32s + 7 49.998' 2.199 1.380 9.6 133.9 3.29 223.0 Cet
Evnomiya (15)
11 Sep 2019 20h53m23.57s - 6 02.899' 2.354 1.458 8.7 144.8 20.30 266.2 Aqr
16 Sep 2019 20h51m02.24s - 6 05.395' 2.345 1.487 8.8 139.6 14.83 265.6 Aqr
Amfitrita (29)
11 Sep 2019 1h31m48.81s +12 10.483' 2.424 1.551 9.5 141.9 16.51 278.3 Psc
16 Sep 2019 1h29m15.09s +12 13.418' 2.421 1.513 9.4 147.3 21.23 271.5 Psc
Laetitia (39)
11 Sep 2019 21h22m18.08s -13 16.399' 2.509 1.581 9.8 151.0 24.91 222.8 Aqr
16 Sep 2019 21h20m15.80s -13 51.289' 2.506 1.611 9.9 145.5 20.86 217.4 Aqr
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
09 sentyabrya, noch' - Meteornyi potok Sentyabr'skie epsilon-Perseidy dostigaet maksimuma deistviya (zenitnoe chasovoe chislo meteorov - do 5).
10 sentyabrya, 07 chasov 00 minut - Neptun v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
11 sentyabrya, i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov.
12 sentyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RS Bol'shoi Medvedicy bliz maksimuma bleska (7,5m).
13 sentyabrya, 13 chasov 33 minuty - Luna (F= 0,99+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406377 km ot centra Zemli.
14 sentyabrya, 04 chasa 34 minuty - Polnolunie
15 sentyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Kita bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 12 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 12 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 12 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N9 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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