Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 6 po 12 yanvarya 2020 goda27.11.2019 12:46 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 6 yanvarya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Edinoroga dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a 7 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,9+) proidet severnee Al'debarana. 9 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,98+) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 10 yanvarya proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. V etot zhe den' Merkurii dostignet verhnego soedineniya s Solncem. V polnolunie 10 yanvarya proizoidet polutenevoe lunnoe zatmenie (Fmaks.= 0,92) pri vidimosti na vsei territorii Rossii i SNG. 11 yanvarya Uran dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom ot popyatnogo k pryamomu dvizheniyu, 12 yanvarya - Merkurii prohodit v 2 gradusah yuzhnee Saturna, 12 yanvarya - Luna (F= 0,98-) prohodit severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 12 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote uvelichivaetsya do 7 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,53 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 10 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ovna, Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,75+ do 1,0, a zatem do 0,95- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii (do 10 yanvarya, a zatem umen'shaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ovna. 6 yanvarya pri faze 0,8+ Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca, nablyudayas' prakticheski vsyu noch'. Zdes' yarkii lunnyi oval 7 yanvarya sblizitsya so zvezdnymi skopleniyami Pleyady i Giady, a zatem proidet severnee Al'debarana pri faze 0,9+. 9 yanvarya yarkii lunnyi disk posetit sozvezdie Oriona, a zatem pereidet v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde v etot zhe den' pri faze 0,98+ okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity (bliz tochki maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora). 10 yanvarya nochnoe svetilo primet fazu polnoluniya, pri kotorom proizoidet polutenevoe lunnoe zatmenie pri maksimal'noi polutenevoi faze 0,92. Eto zatmenie mozhno budet nablyudat' na vsei territorii nashei strany. Sozvezdiya Raka polnaya Luna dostignet okolo 11 yanvarya, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,98- proidet severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). Ustremivshis' zatem k sozvezdiyu L'va, nochnoe svetilo dostignet ego 12 yanvarya pri faze 0,95-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Saturn ne vidny, Venera nablyudaetsya po vecheram, a Mars i Yupiter nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe. Uran mozhno nablyudat' v pervuyu polovinu nochi, a Neptun viden v vechernie chasy. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya s bleskom okolo 9,5m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,5m) v sozvezdii Kita.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: X Edinoroga 7,4m - 6 yanvarya i W Liry 7,9m - 8 yanvarya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Uran, Luna - Al'debaran, Luna - Yasli (M44), Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, kometa C/2018 N2 ( ASASSN ) - M31.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii 10 yanvarya proidet verhnee soedinenie s Solncem, pokidaya utrennee nebo, no ego vechernyaya vidimost' nachnetsya tol'ko na sleduyushei nedele. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1m i faze okolo 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,44 do 1,42 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, 11 yanvarya perehodya v sozvezdie Vodoleya. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernih sumerek nad yugo-zapadnym gorizontom v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom (posle poludnya). Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 37 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 14 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze blizkoi k 0,8. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide nebol'shogo ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,25 do 1,21 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, 7 yanvarya perehodya v sozvezdie Skorpiona. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden na fone sumerek nad yugo-vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 4,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,15 do 2,09 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya dostignet 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter poyavlyaetsya v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, nachinaya utrennyuyu vidimost'. Uglovoi diametr planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 31,8 sekund dugi pri bleske -1,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,20 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v period vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' uzhe v sleduyushem godu vo vremya utrennei vidimosti Yupitera. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na yanvar'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi etogo sozvezdiya. Saturn 13 yanvarya vstupaet v soedinenie s Solncem, poetomu ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 15 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody vidimosti mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno budet nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 11,0 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya s 11 yanvarya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya pervuyu polovinu nochi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,50 do 19,61 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,39 do 30,50 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
6 Jan 2020 19h27m38.23s -26 04.367' 2.919 3.894 8.9 6.3 59.89 84.5 Sgr
11 Jan 2020 19h36m28.34s -25 52.193' 2.921 3.900 8.8 4.6 59.87 83.8 Sgr
Vesta (4)
6 Jan 2020 2h45m57.89s + 9 29.442' 2.565 1.964 7.5 117.0 12.46 19.9 Cet
11 Jan 2020 2h46m52.06s + 9 54.066' 2.566 2.026 7.6 112.3 15.79 35.3 Cet
Astreya (5)
6 Jan 2020 8h20m08.30s +15 03.586' 2.115 1.162 9.4 160.6 28.63 294.5 Cnc
11 Jan 2020 8h16m16.89s +15 29.050' 2.111 1.142 9.2 166.5 32.56 294.6 Cnc
Evnomiya (15)
6 Jan 2020 22h37m39.17s + 1 35.656' 2.189 2.558 10.0 57.3 69.77 70.1 Aqr
11 Jan 2020 22h46m29.05s + 2 24.021' 2.185 2.602 10.0 54.6 71.16 69.7 Aqr
Davida (511)
6 Jan 2020 7h55m08.15s +22 51.967' 2.615 1.645 9.8 168.3 36.40 308.7 Gem
11 Jan 2020 7h50m53.60s +23 37.367' 2.620 1.640 9.6 174.1 37.47 307.1 Gem
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
06 yanvarya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Edinoroga bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
07 yanvarya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,9+) prohodit severnee Al'debarana.
08 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa C/2018 N2 ( ASASSN ) bliz M31.
09 yanvarya, 23 chasa 29 minut - Luna (F= 0,98+) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
10 yanvarya, 17 chasov 05 minut - Nachalo polutenevogo lunnogo zatmeniya (Fmaks.= 0,92) pri vidimosti na vsei territorii Rossii i SNG.
10 yanvarya, 19 chasov 21 minuta - Polnolunie.
11 yanvarya, 07 chasov 00 minut - Uran v stoyanii s perehodom ot popyatnogo k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
12 yanvarya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,98-) prohodit severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 9 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 9 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 9 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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