Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 20 po 26 yanvarya 2020 goda28.11.2019 13:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 20 yanvarya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda hi Lebedya dostignet maksimuma bleska (3,5), a Luna (F= 0,17-) proidet bliz Marsa i Antaresa, 22 yanvarya asteroid Astreya (8,9m) vstupaet v protivostoyanie s Solncem, a Luna (F= 0,04-) dostignet nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity. 23 yanvarya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,03-) Yupitera pri dnevnoi vidimosti v Avstralii i Novoi Zelandii, a Luna (F= 0,03-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 24 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,01-) proidet bliz Saturna, a 25 yanvarya pri faze 0,01+ - bliz Merkuriya.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 15 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 15 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,49 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga . Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 24 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,25- do 0, a zatem do 0,05+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii (do 23 yanvarya, a zatem uvelichivaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca. 20 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,17-) proidet severnee Marsa, nablyudayas' na utrennem nebe. 21 yanvarya tonkii lunnyi serp (F= 0,09-) pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca, gde sblizitsya s Saturnom pri faze 0,03- 23 yanvarya. V etot zhe den' Luna proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora bliz voshodyashego uzla svoei orbity, a 24 yanvarya pokroet Yupiter pri faze 0,01- i pri vidimosti v yuzhnom polusharii Zemli (Avstraliya i Novaya Zelandiya). Posle etogo yavleniya Luna pri samoi maloi faze pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga, gde primet fazu novoluniya i vyidet na vechernee nebo. 25 yanvarya pri faze 0,01+ molodoi serp sblizitsya s Merkuriem na fone vechernei zari, a na sleduyushii den' pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya, uvelichiv fazu do 0,03+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Neptun nablyudayutsya po vecheram, Mars i Yupiter nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, a Saturn ne viden. Uran mozhno nablyudat' v pervuyu polovinu nochi. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Ovna.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: hi Lebedya 5,2m - 20 yanvarya, RY Zmeenosca 8,2m - 22 yanvarya, R Mikroskopa 9,2m - 22 yanvarya, V Malogo Psa 8,7m - 24 yanvarya, W Vodoleya 8,9m - 24 yanvarya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Mars, Luna - Antares, Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Saturn, Venera - Neptun, Mars - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) - eta Perseya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Merkurii viden na vechernem nebe u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta posle zahoda Solnca. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1m i faze okolo 0,95. V teleskop nablyudaetsya krohotnyi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,37 do 1,28 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernih sumerek nad yugo-zapadnym gorizontom v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom (posle poludnya). Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 39,5 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 15 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze blizkoi k 0,75. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide nebol'shogo ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,17 do 1,12 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden bolee dvuh chasov (na shirote Moskvy) na fone sumerek nad yugo-vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 4,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,04 do 1,99 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe, a usloviya ego vidimosti luchshie v yuzhnyh raionah strany. Uglovoi diametr planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 32 sekund dugi pri bleske -1,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,14 -6,10 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na yanvar'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi etogo sozvezdiya. Saturn nahoditsya bliz soedineniya Solncem, poetomu ne viden. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn ne viden dazhe v periody ego vidimosti. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 15 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody vidimosti mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno budet nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 11,0 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya pervuyu polovinu nochi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,73 do 19,85. Pri otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki i prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,59 do 30,68 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Jan 2020 19h54m01.99s -25 23.334' 2.926 3.902 8.9 6.3 59.71 82.4 Sgr 26 Jan 2020 20h02m44.32s -25 06.808' 2.929 3.898 8.9 8.9 59.53 81.7 Sgr Vesta (4) 21 Jan 2020 2h50m34.39s +10 49.614' 2.568 2.156 7.8 103.3 23.38 50.7 Ari 26 Jan 2020 2h53m18.69s +11 19.985' 2.569 2.223 7.8 99.0 27.11 55.0 Ari Astreya (5) 21 Jan 2020 8h07m27.58s +16 28.059' 2.103 1.120 8.9 176.3 36.63 295.3 Cnc 26 Jan 2020 8h02m51.81s +16 59.878' 2.100 1.119 9.0 173.2 36.39 296.2 Cnc Evnomiya (15) 21 Jan 2020 23h04m35.52s + 4 06.015' 2.177 2.685 10.0 49.4 73.65 69.1 Psc 26 Jan 2020 23h13m51.21s + 4 59.377' 2.173 2.724 10.0 46.9 74.75 68.8 Psc Davida (511) 21 Jan 2020 7h42m03.14s +25 05.008' 2.629 1.651 9.7 172.0 36.44 305.1 Gem 26 Jan 2020 7h37m45.55s +25 45.627' 2.634 1.667 9.9 166.1 34.32 304.8 Gem a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
20 yanvarya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda hi Lebedya bliz maksimuma bleska (3,5m).
21 yanvarya, utro - Luna (F= 0,15-) bliz Marsa.
22 yanvarya, 20 chasov 31 minuta - Luna (F= 0,04-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
23 yanvarya, 02 chasa 40 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,03-) Yupitera pri dnevnoi vidimosti v Avstralii i Novoi Zelandii.
24 yanvarya, 21 chas 42 minuty - Novolunie.
25 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,01+) bliz Merkuriya.
26 yanvarya, vecher - Venera bliz Neptuna.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 23 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 23 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 23 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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