Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 27 yanvarya po 2 fevralya 2020 goda1.01.2020 6:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 27 yanvarya Venera proidet v 4 uglovyh minutah (!) ot Neptuna (samaya yarkaya i samaya slabaya planety Solnechnoi sistemy), a 28 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,11+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna i Venery. 29 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,22+) okazhetsya v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405389 km ot centra Zemli, a 31 yanvarya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda T Centavra dostignet maksimuma bleska (5m). 1 fevralya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Gonchih Psov dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m), a Luna (F= 0,4+) proidet yuzhnee Urana.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 17 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 40 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,46 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga . Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 2 fevralya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vodoleya, Ryb i Ovna, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,05+ do 0,6+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vodoleya. Zdes' 28 yanvarya Luna pri faze 0,11+ proidet yuzhnee Neptuna i Venery, a zatem ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Ryb, kotorogo dostignet 29 yanvarya pri faze 0,17+. Zdes' Luna (F= 0,22+) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405389 km ot centra Zemli, V etot zhe den', uvelichiv fazu do 0,22+, rastushii serp pereidet v sozvezdie Kita i probudet zdes' do 31 yanvarya, uvelichiv fazu do 0,32+. Posetiv eshe raz sozvezdie Ryb, lunnyi serp pri faze 0,4+ zakonchit svoi put' po yanvarskomu nebu, nablyudayas' na vechernem nebe i nahodyas' v neskol'kih gradusah yuzhnee Urana. 1 fevralya Luna pri faze 0,42+ pereidet v sozvezdie Kita, v etot zhe den' pereidya v sozvezdie Ovna pri faze 0,48+. Zdes' 2 fevralya Luna primet fazu pervoi chetverti. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Neptun nablyudayutsya po vecheram, Mars i Yupiter nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, a Saturn poyavlyaetsya v luchah voshodyashego Solnca. Uran mozhno nablyudat' v pervuyu polovinu nochi. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', KN na fevral', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,9m) v sozvezdii Ovna.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Ovna 8,2m - 28 yanvarya, V Devy 8,9m - 28 yanvarya, X Zhirafa 8,1m - 31 yanvarya, T Centavra 5,5m - 31 yanvarya, V Gonchih Psov 6,8m - 1 fevralya, R Zmeenosca 7,6m - 1 fevralya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Venery, Luna - Neptun, Luna - Uran, Venera - Neptun, Mars - Antares, Yupiter Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) - del'ta Kassiopei.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, 1 fevralya perehodya v sozvezdie Vodoleya. Merkurii viden na vechernem nebe u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta posle zahoda Solnca. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut bolee 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1m i faze okolo 0,85. V teleskop nablyudaetsya krohotnyi oval bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,28 do 1,15 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernih sumerek nad yugo-zapadnym gorizontom v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom (posle poludnya). Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 40,5 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 15 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze blizkoi k 0,75. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide nebol'shogo ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,12 do 1,08 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden bolee dvuh chasov (na shirote Moskvy) na fone sumerek nad yugo-vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,99 do 1,93 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe, a usloviya ego vidimosti luchshie v yuzhnyh raionah strany. Vyshe 67 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 32 sekund dugi pri bleske -1,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,10 - 6,05 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na yanvar' i KN na fevral'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi etogo sozvezdiya. Saturn nahoditsya bliz soedineniya Solncem, poetomu ne viden. Lish' v yuzhnyh raionah ego mozhno naiti v luchah voshodyashego Solnca. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 15 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody vidimosti mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno budet nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 11,0 do 10,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya pervuyu polovinu nochi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,85 do 19,97. Pri otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki i prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,68 do 30,75 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
26 Jan 2020 20h02m44.32s -25 06.808' 2.929 3.898 8.9 8.9 59.53 81.7 Sgr
31 Jan 2020 20h11m22.67s -24 49.011' 2.931 3.889 9.0 11.7 59.28 81.1 Cap
Vesta (4)
26 Jan 2020 2h53m18.69s +11 19.985' 2.569 2.223 7.8 99.0 27.11 55.0 Ari
31 Jan 2020 2h56m35.68s +11 51.722' 2.569 2.290 7.9 94.9 30.63 58.1 Ari
Astreya (5)
26 Jan 2020 8h02m51.81s +16 59.878' 2.100 1.119 9.0 173.2 36.39 296.2 Cnc
31 Jan 2020 7h58m25.44s +17 31.980' 2.096 1.124 9.2 167.5 34.59 297.5 Cnc
Evnomiya (15)
26 Jan 2020 23h13m51.21s + 4 59.377' 2.173 2.724 10.0 46.9 74.75 68.8 Psc
31 Jan 2020 23h23m14.45s + 5 54.109' 2.170 2.762 10.0 44.4 75.72 68.6 Psc
Davida (511)
26 Jan 2020 7h37m45.55s +25 45.627' 2.634 1.667 9.9 166.1 34.32 304.8 Gem
31 Jan 2020 7h33m45.51s +26 23.261' 2.639 1.691 10.0 160.1 31.26 305.1 Gem
Fides (37)
1 Feb 2020 9h09m55.87s +20 48.539' 2.369 1.386 10.1 175.1 36.38 283.5 Cnc
6 Feb 2020 9h04m53.40s +21 04.598' 2.378 1.395 10.1 174.3 35.83 282.1 Cnc
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', KN na fevral', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
27 yanvarya, vecher - Venera prohodit v 4 uglovyh minutah ot Neptuna.
28 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,11+) bliz Venery i Neptuna.
29 yanvarya, 21 chas 28 minut - Luna (F= 0,22+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405389 km ot centra Zemli.
30 yanvarya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Zhirafa bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
31 yanvarya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda T Centavra bliz maksimuma bleska (5m).
01 fevralya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Gonchih Psov bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
02 fevralya, 01 chas 42 minuty - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 30 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 30 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 30 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 i 02 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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