Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 9 po 15 marta 2020 goda10.01.2020 5:46 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 9 marta dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda T Vodoleya dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Merkurii - stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. 10 marta Luna (F= 0,99-) okazhetsya v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 357127 km ot centra Zemli (eshe odno superlunie v etom godu), a 11 marta Luna (F= 0,93-) proidet severnee Spiki. 14 marta maksimuma deistviya dostignet meteornyi potok gamma-Normidy (ZHR= 6) iz sozvezdiya Naugol'nika, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie na 5 sekund asteroidom 1428 Mombasa zvezdy HIP50459 (6,5m) iz sozvezdiya L'va pri vidimosti na Chukotke. V konce nedeli Luna (F= 0,64-) proidet severnee Antaresa.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 33 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 11 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,16 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, 12 marta perehodya v sozvezdie Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 9 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, izmenyaya fazu ot 1,0 do 0,55- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 9 marta yarkii lunnyi disk pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, gde v etot den' nastupit polnolunie. V eto polnolunie budet imet' mesto superlunie, blagodarya perigeyu, kotorogo Luna dostignet 10 marta pri faze 0,99- na rasstoyanii 357127 km ot centra Zemli. Posle etogo Luna ustremitsya k zvezde Spika, severnee kotoroi proidet 11 marta pri faze 0,93-. 12 marta oval Luny dostignet sozvezdiya Vesov, umen'shiv fazu do 0,86-, i sovershit po nemu dvuhdnevnoe puteshestvie, nablyudayas' v nochnoe i utrennee vremya. 14 marta pri faze 0,69- Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona, a 15 marta - v sozvezdie Zmeenosca (uzhe pri faze 0,64-), nahodyas' severnee Antaresa. Zdes' lunnyi oval probudet do 16 marta, dostignuv v etot den' sozvezdiya Strel'ca i prakticheski odnovremenno prinyav fazu poslednei chetverti. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone utrennei zari, Venera i Uran nablyudayutsya na vechernem nebe, a Mars, Yupiter i Saturn vidny v utrennie chasy. Neptun ne viden. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Kassiopei s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,3m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: RZ Skorpiona 8,8m - 9 marta, T Vodoleya 7,7m - 9 marta, W Kita 7,6m - 13 marta, U Zmei 8,5m - 13 marta.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Spika, Luna - Antares, Luna - Mars, Venera - Uran, Mars - Yupiter - Saturn., Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) - hi i ash Perseya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Merkurii viden v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, no luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Dlya srednih i severnyh shirot strany dannaya utrennyaya vidimost' bystroi planety neblagopriyatna. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya umen'shayutsya do 8,5 sekund dugi pri bleske, vozrastayushem ot +1m do +0,5m, i faze uvelichivayusheisya ot 0,22 do 0,4. Pri nablyudenii v teleskop planeta imeet vid nebol'shogo serpa bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,69 do 0,79 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna nedaleko ot Urana. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernih sumerek nad yugo-zapadnym i zapadnym gorizontom v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom (posle poludnya). Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 46 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery dostigaet 21,5 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo -4,5m pri faze blizkoi k 0,55. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide poludiska bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,83 do 0,78 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca pravee Yupitera i Saturna. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden bolee dvuh chasov (na shirote Moskvy) na fone sumerek nad yugo-vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,0m, a vidimyi diametr prevyshaet 5,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,65 do 1,59 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa i Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya ot 34,8 do 35,5 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,66 - 5,55 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', nablyudat' ego mozhno na fone zari bliz Yupitera i Marsa. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody vidimosti mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere uluchsheniya vidimost' planety v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,64 do 10,56 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,50 do 20,59. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m).. Vechernyaya vidimost' Neptuna zakonchilas', a na utrennem nebe v srednih shirotah strany planetu mozhno budet nablyudat' v aprele mesyace. V periody vidimosti disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 30,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
11 Mar 2020 21h17m02.13s -21 54.416' 2.949 3.694 9.3 36.1 55.07 77.5 Cap
16 Mar 2020 21h24m41.49s -21 30.518' 2.951 3.654 9.3 39.2 54.25 77.3 Cap
Yunona (3)
11 Mar 2020 13h17m16.47s - 1 17.980' 3.010 2.099 9.8 151.6 29.76 313.2 Vir
16 Mar 2020 13h14m10.73s - 0 36.368' 3.020 2.078 9.7 157.3 32.52 310.6 Vir
Vesta (4)
11 Mar 2020 3h38m24.00s +16 24.685' 2.571 2.816 8.3 65.6 50.48 70.5 Tau
16 Mar 2020 3h45m09.13s +16 58.022' 2.571 2.877 8.3 62.3 52.10 71.5 Tau
Evnomiya (15)
11 Mar 2020 0h42m15.23s +13 39.432' 2.153 3.004 10.0 25.8 80.53 68.5 Psc
16 Mar 2020 0h52m35.14s +14 38.230' 2.152 3.026 10.0 23.6 80.84 68.8 Psc
Evterpa (27)
11 Mar 2020 11h47m17.00s + 4 25.751' 2.223 1.232 9.5 174.5 39.29 294.3 Vir
16 Mar 2020 11h42m28.26s + 4 57.606' 2.233 1.239 9.4 176.8 39.15 293.5 Vir
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
09 marta, 17 chasov 48 minut - Polnolunie.
10 marta, 06 chasov 28 minut - Luna (F= 0,99-) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 357127 km ot centra Zemli.
11 marta, noch' - Luna (F= 0,93-) bliz Spiki
12 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) bliz zvezdnogo skopleniya hi i ash Perseya.
13 marta, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda W Kita bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
14 marta, 08 chasov 14 minut - Pokrytie na 5 sekund asteroidom 1428 Mombasa zvezdy HIP50459 (6,5m) iz sozvezdiya L'va pri vidimosti na Chukotke.
15 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,64-) prohodit severnee Antaresa.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 12 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 12 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 12 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 03 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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