Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 16 po 22 marta 2020 goda10.01.2020 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 16 marta dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda SS Devy dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m), a 17 marta Luna (F= 0,43-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,38-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a 18 marta proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (0,3-) planety Mars pri vidimosti na yuge Yuzhnoi Ameriki i v Antarktide. 19 marta Luna (F= 0,25-) proidet okolo Yupitera i Saturna, a 20 marta nastupit vesennee ravnodenstvie. V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie na 2,5 sekundy asteroidom 1574 Meier zvezdy HIP13654 (3,6m) iz sozvezdiya Ovna pri vidimosti v Zabaikal'e, a Mars proidet v 0,7 gr. yuzhnee Yupitera, a 21 marta Luna (F= 0,06-) proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 35 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,10 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 16 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,55- do 0,02- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii (do 17 marta, a zatem - uvelichivaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca. V pervyi den' opisyvaemogo perioda Luna dostignet sozvezdiya Strel'ca i prakticheski odnovremenno primet fazu poslednei chetverti. V sozvezdii Strel'ca Luna probudet okolo dvuh s polovinoi dnei nablyudayas' po utram nevysoko nad yuzhnym i yugo-vostochnym gorizontom. 17 marta lunnyi serp dostignet nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity pri faze 0,43-, a zatem proidet (F= 0,38-) tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 18 marta proizoidet sblizhenie Luny srazu s tremya planetami (Mars, Yupiter i Saturn), a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,3-) planety Mars pri vidimosti na yuge Yuzhnoi Ameriki i v Antarktide. 19 marta lunnyi serp (nahodyas' yuzhnee Saturna) pri faze 0,25- pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga i probudet zdes' do 21 marta, kogda pri faze okolo 0,1- pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya. Zdes' Luna pri faze 0,06- proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya, a 22 marta sblizitsya s Neptunom uzhe pri faze 0,02-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone utrennei zari, Venera i Uran nablyudayutsya na vechernem nebe, a Mars, Yupiter i Saturn vidny v utrennie chasy. Neptun ne viden. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Kassiopei s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,3m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: SS Devy 6,8m - 16 marta, RY Gerkulesa 9,0m - 18 marta, Y Perseya 8,4m - 21 marta, T Skul'ptora 9,2m - 22 marta.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Antares, Luna - Mars, Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Saturn, Luna - Neptun, Venera - Uran, Mars - Yupiter - Saturn., Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) - hi i ash Perseya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Merkurii viden v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, no luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Dlya srednih i severnyh shirot strany dannaya utrennyaya vidimost' bystroi planety neblagopriyatna. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya umen'shayutsya ot 8,5 do 7,5 sekund dugi pri bleske, vozrastayushem ot +0,5m do +0,2m, i faze uvelichivayusheisya ot 0,4 do 0,5. Pri nablyudenii v teleskop planeta imeet vid nebol'shogo poludiska bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,79 do 0,89 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna nedaleko ot Urana. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernih sumerek nad yugo-zapadnym i zapadnym gorizontom v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom (posle poludnya). Elongaciya planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 46 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery dostigaet 23 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo -4,5m pri faze blizkoi k 0,55. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide poludiska bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,78 do 0,72 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca okolo Yupitera i Saturna. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden bolee dvuh chasov (na shirote Moskvy) na fone sumerek nad yugo-vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety uvelichivaetsya do 0,8m, a vidimyi diametr dostigaet 6 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,59 do 1,53 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa i Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya ot 35,5 do 36,1 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,55 - 5,46 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, 21 marta perehodya v sozvezdie Kozeroga. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', nablyudat' ego mozhno na fone zari bliz Yupitera i Marsa. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody vidimosti mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere uluchsheniya vidimost' planety v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,56 do 10,44 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,59 do 20,65. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m).. Vechernyaya vidimost' Neptuna zakonchilas', a na utrennem nebe v srednih shirotah strany planetu mozhno budet nablyudat' v aprele mesyace. V periody vidimosti disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,92 do 30,90 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
16 Mar 2020 21h24m41.49s -21 30.518' 2.951 3.654 9.3 39.2 54.25 77.3 Cap
21 Mar 2020 21h32m12.08s -21 06.637' 2.953 3.612 9.3 42.4 53.35 77.1 Cap
Yunona (3)
16 Mar 2020 13h14m10.73s - 0 36.368' 3.020 2.078 9.7 157.3 32.52 310.6 Vir
21 Mar 2020 13h10m43.31s + 0 06.449' 3.030 2.064 9.7 162.8 34.63 308.5 Vir
Vesta (4)
16 Mar 2020 3h45m09.13s +16 58.022' 2.571 2.877 8.3 62.3 52.10 71.5 Tau
21 Mar 2020 3h52m10.24s +17 30.595' 2.570 2.935 8.4 59.1 53.59 72.5 Tau
Evnomiya (15)
16 Mar 2020 0h52m35.14s +14 38.230' 2.152 3.026 10.0 23.6 80.84 68.8 Psc
21 Mar 2020 1h03m01.13s +15 36.543' 2.152 3.047 9.9 21.5 81.09 69.0 Psc
Evterpa (27)
16 Mar 2020 11h42m28.26s + 4 57.606' 2.233 1.239 9.4 176.8 39.15 293.5 Vir
21 Mar 2020 11h37m43.76s + 5 27.814' 2.242 1.252 9.6 171.7 37.60 292.7 Vir
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
16 marta, 09 chasov 34 minuty - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
17 marta, 01 chas 00 minut - Luna (F= 0,43-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
18 marta, 08 chasov 25 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (0,3-) planety Mars pri vidimosti na yuge Yuzhnoi Ameriki i v Antarktide.
19 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,25-) bliz Marsa, Yupitera i Saturna.
20 marta, 03 chasa 50 minut - Vesennee ravnodenstvie.
21 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,06-) bliz Merkuriya.
22 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) bliz zvezdnogo skopleniya hi i ash Perseya.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 19 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 19 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 19 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 03 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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