Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 6 po 12 aprelya 2020 goda1.03.2020 11:08 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 6 aprelya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda T Bol'shoi Medvedicy dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m). V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,95+) zvezdy nyu Devy (4,0m) pri vidimosti na vostoke strany. 7 aprelya Luna (F= 1,0) okazhetsya v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 356910 km ot centra Zemli, a 8 aprelya nastupit superlunie. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 1,0) proidet severnee Spiki, a 11 aprelya pri faze 0,84- - severnee Antaresa. Krome etogo, dlya lyubitel'skih instrumentov seichas dostupny tri komety (!) so zvezdnoi velichinoi okolo 9m v otnositel'noi blizosti drug k drugu. Eto nebesnye strannicy: ATLAS (C/2019 Y4), PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) i ATLAS (C/2019 Y1).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 43 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 14 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,90 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 8 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov, Zmeenosca i Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,9+ do 1, a zatem do 0,7- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 6 aprelya pochti polnyi disk Luny voidet v sozvezdie Devy, gde probudet do 9 aprelya, prinyav zdes' fazu polnoluniya bliz zvezdy Spika (glavnoi zvezdy sozvezdiya). Pereidya v sozvezdie Vesov, yarkii lunnyi disk budet nablyudat'sya vsyu noch' nevysoko nad gorizontom. 11 aprelya oval Luny pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona i v etot zhe den' voidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, gde probudet do 12 aprelya, proidya severnee Antaresa. V etot den' Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone utrennei zari, Venera i Uran nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe, a Mars, Yupiter i Saturn vidny v utrennie chasy. Neptun nachinaet utrennyuyu vidimost'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostatye strannicy PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) i ATLAS (C/2019 Y4) peremeshayutsya po sozvezdiyu Zhirafa s bleskom okolo 9m. ATLAS (C/2019 Y1) dvizhetsya na sever po sozvezdiyu Kassiopei pri bleske okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,4m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: T Bol'shoi Medvedicy 7,7m - 6 aprelya, RU Vesov 8,1m - 6 aprelya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - nyu Devy (pokrytie), Luna - Spika, Luna - Antares, Merkurii - Neptun, Mars - Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, 9 aprelya perehodya v sozvezdie Ryb. Merkurii viden v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, no luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Dlya srednih i severnyh shirot strany dannaya utrennyaya vidimost' bystroi planety neblagopriyatna. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyaet menee 6 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo 0m. Faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,7 do 0,8. Pri nablyudenii v teleskop planeta imeet vid nebol'shogo ovala bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,09 do 1,18 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernih sumerek nad zapadnym gorizontom v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba okolo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady (M45). Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom (posle poludnya). Elongaciya planety sostavlyaet okolo 45 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery dostigaet 29 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo -4,5m pri faze blizkoi k 0,4. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide serpa bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,61 do 0,56 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga okolo Yupitera i Saturna. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden okolo dvuh chasov (na shirote Moskvy) na fone sumerek nad yugo-vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo +0,6m, a vidimyi diametr dostigaet 6,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,42 do 1,37 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa i Saturna. Vyshe 69 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety uvelichivaetsya ot 37,6 do 38,43 sekund dugi pri bleske yarche -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,24 - 5,13 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', nablyudat' ego mozhno na fone zari bliz Yupitera i Marsa. Vyshe 70 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 16,5 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody vidimosti mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere uluchsheniya vidimost' planety v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,22 do 10,11 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran zakanchivaet svoyu vechernyuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,75 do 20,78. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m).. Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no v srednih shirotah strany planetu mozhno budet nablyudat' s serediny aprelya. V periody vidimosti disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,82 do 30,76 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
6 Apr 2020 21h55m08.17s -19 52.297' 2.959 3.458 9.3 52.6 49.84 77.0 Cap
11 Apr 2020 22h01m55.81s -19 30.322' 2.960 3.404 9.3 55.9 48.57 77.2 Aqr
Yunona (3)
6 Apr 2020 12h58m19.47s + 2 21.565' 3.062 2.069 9.6 171.2 35.72 303.8 Vir
11 Apr 2020 12h54m24.56s + 3 00.062' 3.072 2.086 9.7 167.2 34.31 302.7 Vir
Vesta (4)
6 Apr 2020 4h16m13.33s +19 08.008' 2.569 3.108 8.4 49.2 57.46 75.6 Tau
11 Apr 2020 4h24m10.36s +19 35.810' 2.568 3.157 8.4 46.2 58.43 76.6 Tau
Evnomiya (15)
6 Apr 2020 1h37m04.17s +18 37.629' 2.152 3.102 9.9 15.1 81.47 70.3 Psc
11 Apr 2020 1h47m54.73s +19 31.762' 2.153 3.116 9.8 13.3 81.49 70.9 Ari
Evterpa (27)
6 Apr 2020 11h24m55.68s + 6 42.182' 2.274 1.337 10.1 152.8 24.78 289.3 Leo
11 Apr 2020 11h22m06.66s + 6 56.160' 2.284 1.376 10.3 147.2 19.34 287.4 Leo
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
06 aprelya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda T Bol'shoi Medvedicy bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
07 aprelya, 18 chasov 07 minut - Luna (F= 1,0) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 356910 km ot centra Zemli.
08 aprelya, 02 chasa 35 minut - Polnolunie.
09 aprelya, utro - Luna (F= 0,98-) bliz Spiki.
10 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Venera bliz zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady (M45).
11 aprelya, utro - Luna (F= 0,84-) prohodit severnee Antaresa.
12 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Vesta bliz zvezdnogo skopleniya Giady.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 9 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 9 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 9 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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