Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 1 po 7 iyunya 2020 goda4.04.2020 6:58 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 1 iyunya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Vorona dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a 2 iyunya Luna (F= 0,82+) proidet severnee Spiki. V etot zhe den' dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda U Lebedya dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m), a 3 iyunya Luna (F= 0,90+) okazhetsya v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 364366 km ot centra Zemli. V etot zhe den' Venera proidet nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem. 4 iyunya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Pegasa dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Merkurii - maksimal'noi vostochnoi (vechernei) elongacii (24 gradusa). 5 iyunya nastupit polnolunie, pri kotorom proizoidet polutenevoe lunnoe zatmenie (F= 0,6) vidimoe na territorii nashei strany, a 6 iyunya Luna (F= 0,99-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 7 iyunya Luna (F= 0,95-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. Krome etogo, vsyu nedelyu na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek vozmozhno poyavlenie serebristyh oblakov.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy sostavlyaet okolo 57 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - 17 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,52 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 5 iyunya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca i Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,6+ do 1,0 i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. Zdes' yarkaya Luna probudet do 3 iyunya, proidya 2 iyunya severnee zvezdy Spika (glavnoi zvezdy sozvezdiya). 3 iyunya nochnoe svetilo pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, gde budet nablyudat'sya vsyu noch' nevysoko nad gorizontom. 4 iyunya pochti polnaya Luna posetit sozvezdie Skorpiona, a 5 iyunya voidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, gde primet fazu polnoluniya. V dannoe polnolunie proizoidet polutenevoe lunnoe zatmenie s maksimal'noi polutenevoi fazoi 0,6. Eto zatmenie budet nablyudat'sya na bol'shei chasti nashei strany (krome severnyh i vostochnyh raionov). V sozvezdii Zmeenosca lunnyi disk probudet do 6 iyunya, proidya 5 iyunya severnee Antaresa. 6 iyunya polnaya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca, v kotorom zaderzhitsya do 8 iyunya, kogda budet nablyudat'sya okolo Yupitera i Saturna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, Venera na vidna, a Mars, Uran i Neptun imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost'. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya, Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostatye strannicy PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) i ATLAS (C/2019 Y1) nablyudayutsya v sozvezdii Bol'shoi Medvedicy,s bleskom okolo 9m. ATLAS (C/2019 Y4) i Enke dvizhutsya po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca s bleskom slabee 10m, a kometa SWAN (C/2020 F8) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Voznichego pri bleske 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyun', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,3m) v sozvezdiyah Oriona i Bliznecov.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Vorona 7,5m - 1 iyunya, U Lebedya 7,2m - 2 iyunya, V Voznichego 9,2m - 3 iyunya, R Pegasa 7,8m - 4 iyunya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Spika, Luna - Antares, Mars - Neptun, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, komety PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) i ATLAS (C/2019 Y1).
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari u zapadnogo gorizonta pri elongacii 24 gradusa v seredine nedeli. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyaet okolo 8 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +0,5m. Faza umen'shaetsya do 0,3. Pri nablyudenii v teleskop planeta imeet vid nebol'shogo serpa bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,89 do 0,76 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Venera ne vidna, t.k. prohodit nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem 3 iyunya. Elongaciya planety posle soedineniya bystro uvelichivaetsya do 7 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 58 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,01. Planetu mozhno budet naiti v konce nedeli v luchah voshodyashego Solnca. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide serpa bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 0,29 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden utrom nad vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo -0,1m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 9,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,0 do 0,96 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na nochnom nebe bliz Saturna. Vyshe 69 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 44,5 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,5m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,41 - 4,33 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyun'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn imeet nochnuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 70 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,3m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 18 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere uluchsheniya vidimost' planety v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 9,34 do 9,26 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', no usloviya nablyudenii ego v srednih shirotah daleki ot ideal'nyh. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,65 do 20,58 . Disk planety v periody vidimosti razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m).. Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,09 do 29,97 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Jun 2020 22h57m52.51s -17 11.085' 2.974 2.767 9.0 91.6 28.54 87.7 Aqr 6 Jun 2020 23h01m40.28s -17 10.250' 2.975 2.701 8.9 95.5 25.84 90.7 Aqr Pallada (2) 1 Jun 2020 19h33m42.50s +20 50.639' 3.334 2.721 9.8 119.1 20.29 314.0 Vul 6 Jun 2020 19h31m23.79s +21 16.512' 3.339 2.686 9.8 122.2 21.26 303.4 Vul Vesta (4) 1 Jun 2020 5h53m37.32s +22 40.465' 2.555 3.501 8.4 17.8 64.42 86.5 Ori 6 Jun 2020 6h02m56.56s +22 47.304' 2.553 3.518 8.3 15.2 64.71 87.5 Gem Irida (7) 1 Jun 2020 18h52m56.69s -21 13.297' 2.689 1.773 9.6 148.3 22.96 278.6 Sgr 6 Jun 2020 18h49m23.26s -21 06.614' 2.680 1.731 9.5 153.9 27.22 276.9 Sgr Evnomiya (15) 1 Jun 2020 3h43m22.86s +26 50.256' 2.177 3.154 9.9 13.0 79.31 79.1 Tau 6 Jun 2020 3h55m01.89s +27 18.756' 2.181 3.147 9.9 14.8 78.87 80.1 Tau Gerkulina (532) 1 Jun 2020 19h11m32.31s -16 37.505' 2.686 1.805 9.9 143.1 22.26 235.8 Sgr 6 Jun 2020 19h08m40.69s -17 03.821' 2.695 1.777 9.8 148.6 26.49 238.6 Sgr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyunya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyun', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
01 iyunya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov v srednih shirotah.
02 iyunya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda U Lebedya bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
03 iyunya, 03 chasa 39 minut - Luna (F= 0,90+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 364366 km ot centra Zemli.
04 iyunya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Pegasa bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
05 iyunya, 17 chasov 43 minuty - Nachalo polutenevogo lunnogo zatmeniya, vidimogo na territorii nashei strany.
05 iyunya, 19 chasov 12 minut - Polnolunie.
06 iyunya, 18 chasov 10 minut - Luna (F= 0,99-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
07 iyunya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) bliz komety ATLAS (C/2019 Y1).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 4 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 4 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid zapadnoi i severo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 4 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 06 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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