Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 15 po 21 iyunya 2020 goda5.04.2020 10:31 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 15 iyunya Luna (F= 0,34-) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404595 km ot centra Zemli, a 17 iyunya Luna (F= 0,17-) proidet yuzhnee Urana. V etot zhe den' Merkurii okazhetsya v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu, a 18 iyunya Luna (F= 0,06-) proidet yuzhnee Pleyad. 19 iyunya Luna (F= 0,03-) budet nahodit'sya bliz Venery i Al'debarana, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,03-) Venery pri dnevnoi vidimosti na territorii nashei strany. 20 iyunya nastupit letnee solncestoyanie. Solnce v etot den' kak by zamiraet v verhnei tochke maksimal'nogo skloneniya (+23,5 gradusa), a zatem nachinaet opuskat'sya k yugu. Privedennye dannye po prodolzhitel'nosti dnya spravedlivy dlya shiroty Moskvy, gde poludennaya vysota Solnca v techenie mesyaca imeet znachenie okolo 57 gradusov. Na shirote S._Peterburga nastupayut belye nochi, a severnee 66 shiroty idet polyarnyi den'. Dostatochno blagopriyatnye usloviya dlya nablyudeniya zvezdnogo neba ostayutsya lish' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Dlya srednih shirot glubokoe zvezdnoe nebo otkroetsya lish' k koncu iyulya. 21 iyunya Luna (F= 0,0) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity. V etot zhe den' nastupit novolunie, pri kotorom proizoidet kol'ceobraznoe solnechnoe zatmenie (F= 0,994) s vidimost'yu chastnyh faz na territorii nashei strany. Krome etogo, vsyu nedelyu na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek vozmozhno poyavlenie serebristyh oblakov.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy sostavlyaet okolo 57 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - 17 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,47 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca, 20 iyunya perehodya v sozvezdie Bliznecov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 21 iyunya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ryb, Ovna, Tel'ca, Bliznecov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,35- do 0 i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kita. 15 iyunya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, nablyudayas' na utrennem nebe nevysoko nad gorizontom v vide bol'shogo serpa. 16 iyunya Luna eshe raz posetit sozvezdie Kita, pereidya na sleduyushii den' v sozvezdie Ovna (sblizivshis' s Uranom), gde probudet do 18 iyunya, pereidya v etot den' v sozvezdie Tel'ca. V etom sozvezdii 18 iyunya tonkii staryi mesyac budet nablyudat'sya na fone utrennei zari yuzhnee Pleyad, a 19 iyunya dostignet Giad i Al'debarana, sblizivshis' s Veneroi. 21 iyunya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Bliznecov i primet zdes' fazu novoluniya, pri kotoroi proizoidet kol'ceobraznoe solnechnoe zatmenie. Chastnye fazy etogo zatmeniya budut nablyudat'sya na bol'shei chasti nashei strany (krome severnyh i krainih vostochnyh raionov). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, Venera vidna v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, a Mars, Uran i Neptun imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost'. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya, Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostatye strannicy PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) pri bleske okolo 9m i ATLAS (C/2019 Y1) pri bleske slabee 10m nablyudayutsya v sozvezdii Bol'shoi Medvedicy. ATLAS (C/2019 Y4) pri bleske slabee 10m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Oriona, kometa Enke pri bleske okolo 7m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, a kometa SWAN (C/2020 F8) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Voznichego pri bleske slabee 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyun', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,2m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: W Voznichego 9,2m - 16 iyunya, W Severnoi Korony 8,5m - 16 iyunya, RT Orla 8,4m - 16 iyunya, R Perseya 8,7m - 18 iyunya, RY Zmeenosca 8,2m - 20 iyunya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Uran, Luna - Venera, Luna - Al'deberan, Venera - Al'deberan, Mars - Neptun, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, komety PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) i ATLAS (C/2019 Y1).
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, 17 iyunya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari u zapadnogo gorizonta pri elongacii ot 20 do 14 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyaet okolo 11 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +2m. Faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,17 do 0,07. Pri nablyudenii v teleskop planeta imeet vid nebol'shogo serpa bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,66 do 0,59 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Venera vidna v luchah voshodyashego Solnca. Elongaciya planety posle soedineniya bystro uvelichivaetsya ot 17 do 26 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 54 do 50 uglovyh sekund, a blesk prevyshaet -4m pri faze okolo 0,1. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide serpa bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,30 do 0,34 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden nad vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo -0,3m, a vidimyi diametr - bolee 10 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,92 do 0,87 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na nochnom nebe bliz Saturna. Vyshe 69 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 46,5 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,5m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,27 - 4,22 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyun'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn imeet nochnuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 70 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,2m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 18 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 9,18 do 9,12 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', no usloviya nablyudenii ego v srednih shirotah daleki ot ideal'nyh. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,50 do 20,41 a.e.. Disk planety v periody vidimosti razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m).. Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,85 do 29,74 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
16 Jun 2020 23h08m04.68s -17 17.911' 2.977 2.571 8.8 103.5 20.20 100.2 Aqr
21 Jun 2020 23h10m37.78s -17 26.729' 2.978 2.508 8.7 107.7 17.40 107.7 Aqr
Pallada (2)
16 Jun 2020 19h25m29.27s +21 52.481' 3.348 2.627 9.7 127.8 24.03 284.6 Vul
21 Jun 2020 19h21m59.12s +22 01.501' 3.352 2.604 9.7 130.3 25.58 276.5 Vul
Vesta (4)
16 Jun 2020 6h21m44.24s +22 54.448' 2.549 3.544 8.3 10.0 65.22 89.4 Gem
21 Jun 2020 6h31m11.62s +22 54.742' 2.547 3.552 8.2 7.4 65.43 90.4 Gem
Irida (7)
16 Jun 2020 18h40m35.92s -20 53.924' 2.660 1.665 9.2 165.4 34.25 275.2 Sgr
21 Jun 2020 18h35m33.16s -20 47.702' 2.650 1.641 9.0 171.2 36.62 274.9 Sgr
Evnomiya (15)
16 Jun 2020 4h18m22.75s +28 06.582' 2.190 3.129 10.0 18.6 77.94 82.3 Tau
21 Jun 2020 4h30m02.92s +28 25.803' 2.195 3.117 10.0 20.6 77.40 83.5 Tau
Gerkulina (532)
16 Jun 2020 19h01m20.27s -18 03.452' 2.713 1.737 9.6 159.9 33.50 241.7 Sgr
21 Jun 2020 18h57m01.27s -18 35.971' 2.723 1.726 9.5 165.7 35.92 242.5 Sgr
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyunya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyun', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
15 iyunya, 00 chasov 55 minut - Luna (F= 0,34-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404595 km ot centra Zemli.
16 iyunya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov v srednih shirotah.
17 iyunya, utro - Luna (F= 0,17-) bliz Urana.
18 iyunya, utro - Luna (F= 0,06-) prohodit yuzhnee Pleyad.
19 iyunya, utro - Luna (F= 0,03-) bliz Venery i Al'debarana.
20 iyunya, 21 chas 43 minuty - Letnee solncestoyanie.
21 iyunya, 03 chasa 46 minut - Nachalo chastnyh faz kol'ceobraznogo solnechnogo zatmeniya dlya Zemli.
21 iyunya, 06 chasov 41 minuta - Novolunie.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 18 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 18 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid zapadnoi i severo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 18 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 06 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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