Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 22 po 28 iyunya 2020 goda19.06.2020 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 22 iyunya Luna (F= 0,01+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora (bliz Merkuriya), a dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Zhirafa dostignet maksimuma bleska (7m). 23 iyunya Neptun proidet stoyanie s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu, a 24 iyunya Venera dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,08+) proidet severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44), a dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Kassiopei dostignet maksimuma bleska (7m). 25 iyunya Luna (F= 0,21+) proidet severnee Regula, a 27 iyunya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Iyun'skie Bootidy (potok peremennyi, ZHR= 0 - 100). V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,4+) zvezdy nyu Devy (4,0m) pri vidimosti na Dal'nem Vostoke. Krome etogo, vsyu nedelyu na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek vozmozhno poyavlenie serebristyh oblakov.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy sostavlyaet okolo 57 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - 17 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,45 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 28 iyunya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Bliznecov, Raka, L'va i Devy, izmenyaya fazu ot 0 do 0,5+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Bliznecov. Posle novoluniya i zatmeniya Luna pereidet na vechernee nebo, i molodoi mesyac budet nahodit'sya v sozvezdii Bliznecov, nablyudayas' na vechernem nebe nevysoko nad severo-zapadnym gorizontom. 22 iyunya lunnyi serp proidet severnee Merkuriya, a 23 iyunya pereidet v sozvezdie Raka, dostignuv v etot den' zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 24 iyunya lunnyi serp pereidet v sozvezdie L'va, gde 25 iyunya proidet severnee Regula. 27 iyunya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, prinyav zdes' fazu pervoi chetverti 28 iyunya. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, Venera vidna v luchah voshodyashego Solnca, a Mars, Uran i Neptun imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost'. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya, Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostatye strannicy PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) pri bleske okolo 9m i ATLAS (C/2019 Y1) pri bleske slabee 10m nablyudayutsya v sozvezdiyah Gonchi' Psov i Malogo L'va, sootvetstvenno. ATLAS (C/2019 Y4) pri bleske slabee 10m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Oriona, kometa Enke pri bleske okolo 5m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, a kometa SWAN (C/2020 F8) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Voznichego pri bleske slabee 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyun', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,2m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: X Zhirafa 8,1m - 22 iyunya, Y Andromedy 9,2m - 23 iyunya, V Kassiopei 7,9m - 24 iyunya, Z Kita 8,9m - 25 iyunya, Z Kormy 8,1m - 27 iyunya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Merkurii, Luna - M44 (Yasli), Luna - Regul, Venera - Al'deberan, Mars - Neptun, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, komety PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) i ATLAS (C/2019 Y1).
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Merkurii nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari u zapadnogo gorizonta pri elongacii ot 14 do 5 gradusov k koncu nedeli i zakanchivaya vechernyuyu vidimost'. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyaet okolo 12 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +3m. Faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,07 do 0,01. Pri nablyudenii v teleskop planeta imeet vid nebol'shogo serpa bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,59 do 0,56 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca, 24 iyunya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari. Elongaciya planety posle soedineniya bystro uvelichivaetsya ot 26 do 32 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 50 do 45 uglovyh sekund, a blesk prevyshaet -4,3m pri faze okolo 0,15. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide serpa bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,34 do 0,38 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, 24 iyunya perehodya v sozvezdie Ryb. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden nad vostochnym gorizontom. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo -0,4m, a vidimyi diametr - bolee 11 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,87 do 0,83 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na nochnom nebe bliz Saturna. Vyshe 69 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 47 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,5m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,22 - 4,18 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi mozhno budet nablyudat' po mere otdaleniya Yupitera ot Solnca na nebesnoi sfere. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyun'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn imeet nochnuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 70 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,2m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 18 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 9,12 do 9,07 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', no usloviya nablyudenii ego v srednih shirotah daleki ot ideal'nyh. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,41 do 20,32 a.e.. Disk planety v periody vidimosti razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem (23 iyunya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe) po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m).. Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,74 do 29,62 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Jun 2020 23h10m37.78s -17 26.729' 2.978 2.508 8.7 107.7 17.40 107.7 Aqr 26 Jun 2020 23h12m42.47s -17 39.018' 2.978 2.446 8.6 111.9 14.85 118.2 Aqr Pallada (2) 21 Jun 2020 19h21m59.12s +22 01.501' 3.352 2.604 9.7 130.3 25.58 276.5 Vul 26 Jun 2020 19h18m12.24s +22 03.940' 3.356 2.585 9.6 132.4 27.08 269.0 Vul Vesta (4) 21 Jun 2020 6h31m11.62s +22 54.742' 2.547 3.552 8.2 7.4 65.43 90.4 Gem 26 Jun 2020 6h40m40.45s +22 52.851' 2.545 3.557 8.2 4.8 65.58 91.3 Gem Irida (7) 21 Jun 2020 18h35m33.16s -20 47.702' 2.650 1.641 9.0 171.2 36.62 274.9 Sgr 26 Jun 2020 18h30m14.41s -20 41.458' 2.640 1.624 8.9 176.4 38.00 274.7 Sgr Evnomiya (15) 21 Jun 2020 4h30m02.92s +28 25.803' 2.195 3.117 10.0 20.6 77.40 83.5 Tau 26 Jun 2020 4h41m41.50s +28 41.839' 2.200 3.103 10.0 22.7 76.80 84.6 Tau Gerkulina (532) 21 Jun 2020 18h57m01.27s -18 35.971' 2.723 1.726 9.5 165.7 35.92 242.5 Sgr 26 Jun 2020 18h52m25.19s -19 09.639' 2.732 1.723 9.4 171.4 37.41 242.9 Sgr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyunya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyun', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
22 iyunya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Zhirafa bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
23 iyunya, 18 chasov 00 minut - Neptun v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu.
24 iyunya, 19 chasov 00 minut - Venera v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
25 iyunya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,21+) prohodit severnee Regula.
26 iyunya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov v srednih shirotah.
27 iyunya, noch' - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Iyun'skie Bootidy (potok peremennyi, ZHR= 0 - 100),
28 iyunya, 08 chasov 16 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 25 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 25 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid zapadnoi i severo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 25 iyunya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 06 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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