Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 7 po 13 sentyabrya 2020 goda4.09.2020 5:55 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 7 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,79-) proidet yuzhnee Urana, a 8 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,65-) proidet yuzhnee Pleyad. 9 sentyabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Sentyabr'skie epsilon-Perseidy (ZHR= 5), Mars smenit dvizhenie s pryamogo na popyatnoe, a Luna (F= 0,57-) proidet severnee Giad i Al'debarana. 10 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,44-) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 11 sentyabrya Neptun vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 12 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,32-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a Yupiter dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. 13 sentyabrya Venera proidet yuzhnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 37 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 31,80 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 10 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ovna, Tel'ca, Bliznecov i Raka, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,8- do 0,15- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ovna. Zdes' Luna probudet do 8 sentyabrya, kogda pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca. V etom sozvezdii 8 sentyabrya nochnoe svetilo proidet yuzhnee Pleyad, dostignuv na sleduyushii den' Giad i Al'debarana. 10 sentyabrya nastupit faza poslednei chetverti, i Luna budet nablyudat'sya v utrennie chasy vysoko nad gorizontom. Zatem lunnyi poludisk ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, v kotoroe voidet 11 sentyabrya. Zdes' tayushii lunnyi serp probudet do 13 sentyabrya, kogda pereidet v sozvezdie Raka. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden v luchah zahodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah, Venera imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' noch'yu i utrom. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica NEOWISE (C/2020 F3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Devy s bleskom slabee 9m. 88P/Howell peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Vesov s bleskom slabee 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,4m) v sozvezdii Raka i Cerera (7,7m) v sozvezdiyah Vodoleya i Yuzhnoi Ryby.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: X Gidry 8,4m - 8 sentyabrya, V Kozeroga 9,2m - 9 sentyabrya, V Pegasa 8,7m - 9 sentyabrya, W Eridana 8,6m - 10 sentyabrya, T Bliznecov 8,7m - 10 sentyabrya, V Tel'ca 9,2m - 13 sentyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Uran, Luna - Pleyady, Luna - Giady, Luna - Al'deberan, Luna - M44 (Yasli), Merkurii - Spika, Venera - Polluks, Mars - myu Ryb, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod. Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy, nablyudayas' v luchah zahodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyaet bolee 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo 0m. Faza umen'shaetsya do 0,8, a elongaciya uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli do 21 gradusa. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,30 do 1,23 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Raka. Venera vidna utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 43 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 18,5 do 17,5 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,1m pri faze okolo 0,65. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,90 do 0,95 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb, 9 sentyabrya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe. Mars nablyudaetsya noch'yu i utrom nad vostochnym i yuzhnym gorizontom. Blesk planety uvelichivaetsya ot -1,9m do -2,1m, a vidimyi diametr vozrastaet ot 19,8 do 20,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti i polyarnuyu shapku. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,47 do 0,45 a.e.. 6 oktyabrya 2020 goda proizoidet sblizhenie Marsa s Zemlei do 0,415 a.e., a 13 oktyabrya nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, 12 sentyabrya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na vechernem i nochnom nebe bliz Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 43 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,4m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,52 - 4,62 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet vechernyuyu i nochnuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,3m, a uglovoi diametr - menee 18 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,31 do 9,41 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,20 do 19,11 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 28,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
6 Sep 2020 22h45m54.08s -24 30.965' 2.982 2.008 7.7 161.6 30.90 249.4 Aqr
11 Sep 2020 22h41m43.01s -24 50.510' 2.982 2.024 7.8 158.0 29.23 252.9 Aqr
Vesta (4)
6 Sep 2020 8h54m27.52s +18 50.072' 2.504 3.291 8.4 32.8 64.23 102.6 Cnc
11 Sep 2020 9h03m14.44s +18 21.571' 2.501 3.250 8.4 35.6 63.83 103.1 Cnc
Flora (8)
6 Sep 2020 2h54m54.39s + 6 43.867' 1.875 1.157 9.2 119.8 27.60 97.5 Cet
11 Sep 2020 2h58m11.40s + 6 34.825' 1.872 1.114 9.1 123.8 22.10 104.3 Cet
Fortuna (19)
6 Sep 2020 23h19m54.14s - 2 05.030' 2.150 1.145 9.4 173.3 34.41 244.6 Psc
11 Sep 2020 23h15m40.41s - 2 35.428' 2.144 1.137 9.2 178.0 35.57 244.1 Psc
Leto (68)
6 Sep 2020 0h58m13.10s - 4 05.212' 2.274 1.342 10.1 150.4 20.56 253.9 Cet
11 Sep 2020 0h55m15.65s - 4 17.159' 2.275 1.320 9.9 155.6 25.17 255.8 Cet
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
07 sentyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,79-) prohodit yuzhnee Urana.
08 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,65-) prohodit yuzhnee Pleyad.
09 sentyabrya, noch' - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Sentyabr'skie epsilon-Perseidy (ZHR= 5).
10 sentyabrya, 09 chasov 26 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
11 sentyabrya, 19 chasov 16 minut - Neptun v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
12 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,32-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
13 sentyabrya, 00 chasov 00 minut - Yupiter v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 10 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 10 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 10 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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