Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 14 po 20 sentyabrya 2020 goda11.09.2020 7:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 14 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,14-) proidet severnee Venery i severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44), a 15 sentyabrya pri faze 0,05- proidet severnee Regula. 16 sentyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Gidry dostignet maksimuma bleska (3,5m), a 18 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,02+) okazhetsya v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 359083 km ot centra Zemli. 19 sentyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Voznichego dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Luna (F= 0,04+) proidet bliz Merkuriya i severnee Spiki. V samom konce nedeli Venera sblizitsya s Vestoi do 2,5 gradusov.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 34 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 31,86 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va do 17 sentyabrya, perehodya zatem v sozvezdie Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 17 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Raka, L'va, Devy i Vesov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,15- do 0,15+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Raka. Zdes' 14 sentyabrya Luna pri faze okolo 0,15- proidet severnee Venery i zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44), pereidya v etot zhe den' v sozvezdie L'va. 15 sentyabrya tonkii lunnyi serp (F= 0,05-) proidet severnee Regula i sovershit dvuh dnevnoe puteshestvie po sozvezdiyu L'va. 17 sentyabrya samyi tonkii staryi mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, chtoby prinyat' v etot den' fazu novoluniya. Pereidya na vechernee nebo molodoi lunnyi serp ustremitsya k Spike, severnee kotoroi proidet 19 sentyabrya pri faze 0,05+. Uvelichivaya fazu, Luna 20 sentyabrya vstupit v sozvezdie Vesov. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden v luchah zahodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah strany, Venera imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v nochnoe vremya. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica NEOWISE (C/2020 F3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Devy i Vesov s bleskom okolo 10m. 88P/Howell peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Vesov i Skorpiona s bleskom okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,4m) v sozvezdii Raka i Cerera (7,8m) v sozvezdii Yuzhnoi Ryby.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Gidry 4,5m - 16 sentyabrya, V L'va 9,1m - 18 sentyabrya, R Voznichego 7,7m - 19 sentyabrya, RR Zmeenosca 8,9m - 19 sentyabrya, Z Lebedya 8,7m - 20 sentyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Venera, Luna - M44 (Yasli), Luna - Regul, Luna - Spika, Luna - Merkurii, Merkurii - Spika, Venera - M44 (Yasli), Venera - Vesta, Vesta - Yasli, Mars - myu Ryb, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod. Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki), nablyudayas' v luchah zahodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyaet bolee 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo 0m. Faza umen'shaetsya do 0,75, a elongaciya uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli do 24 gradusov. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,23 do 1,15 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Raka. Venera vidna utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 42 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 17,5 do 16,6 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,1m pri faze okolo 0,65. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,95 do 1,00 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Mars nablyudaetsya vsyu noch'. Blesk planety uvelichivaetsya ot -2,1m do -2,2m, a vidimyi diametr vozrastaet ot 20,8 do 21,6 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti i polyarnuyu shapku. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,45 do 0,43 a.e.. 6 oktyabrya 2020 goda proizoidet sblizhenie Marsa s Zemlei do 0,415 a.e., a 13 oktyabrya nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya prevysit 22 uglovye sekundy pri horoshei vidimosti s territorii nashei strany. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na vechernem i nochnom nebe bliz Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 42 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,4m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,62 - 4,72 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet vechernyuyu i nochnuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17,5 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,41 do 9,51 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,11 do 19,02 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 28,93 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
16 Sep 2020 22h37m43.52s -25 05.262' 2.981 2.047 7.9 153.6 26.91 256.9 PsA
21 Sep 2020 22h34m02.01s -25 14.981' 2.981 2.076 8.0 148.9 24.05 261.5 PsA
Vesta (4)
16 Sep 2020 9h11m55.32s +17 52.164' 2.497 3.207 8.4 38.3 63.36 103.6 Cnc
21 Sep 2020 9h20m29.55s +17 22.007' 2.493 3.161 8.4 41.1 62.80 104.0 Cnc
Flora (8)
16 Sep 2020 3h00m38.34s + 6 22.135' 1.869 1.074 9.0 128.0 16.61 115.8 Cet
21 Sep 2020 3h02m11.51s + 6 06.053' 1.866 1.036 8.9 132.4 11.98 137.5 Cet
Fortuna (19)
16 Sep 2020 23h11m24.65s - 3 06.748' 2.137 1.135 9.4 174.0 35.31 243.6 Psc
21 Sep 2020 23h07m17.26s - 3 37.825' 2.132 1.139 9.5 168.1 33.56 242.9 Aqr
Leto (68)
16 Sep 2020 0h51m43.60s - 4 29.647' 2.278 1.304 9.8 160.9 29.03 257.6 Cet
21 Sep 2020 0h47m43.51s - 4 41.847' 2.280 1.293 9.7 165.9 31.87 259.4 Cet
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
14 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,15-) prohodit severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44) i Venery.
15 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,05-) prohodit severnee Regula.
16 sentyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Gidry bliz maksimuma bleska (3,5m).
17 sentyabrya, 11 chasov 00 minut - Novolunie.
18 sentyabrya, 13 chasov 50 minut - Luna (F= 0,02+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 359083 km ot centra Zemli.
19 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,05+) prohodit severnee Merkuriya i Spiki.
20 sentyabrya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya
peremennaya zvezda R Voznichego bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 17 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 17 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 17 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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