Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 5 po 11 oktyabrya 2020 goda2.10.2020 6:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 5 oktyabrya dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy omikron Kita (3m), R Bol'shoi Medvedicy (6,5m) i R Devy (5m) dostignut maksimuma bleska, a 6 oktyabrya Mars sblizitsya s Zemlei do kratchaishego rasstoyaniya v dannoe protivostoyanie - 0,415 a.e.. V etot zhe den' Luna pri faze 0,85- proidet yuzhnee Pleyad, a dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Orla dostignet maksimuma bleska (5m). 7 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,78-) proidet severnee Giad i Al'debarana, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,74-) zvezdy iota Tel'ca (4,6m) pri vidimosti v vostochnoi polovine strany. 8 oktyabrya Luna pri faze 0,70+ okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 9 oktyabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Drakonidy (ZHR= 20). V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,55-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,53-) zvezdy omega Bliznecov (5,2m) pri vidimosti v vostochnoi (yuzhnoi) polovine strany. 11 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,35-) proidet severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 27 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 10 chasov 45 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,04 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 10 oktyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ovna, Tel'ca, Bliznecov i Raka, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,9- do 0,3- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ovna. 5 oktyabrya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca. V etom sozvezdii 6 oktyabrya nochnoe svetilo proidet yuzhnee Pleyad, dostignuv k koncu etogo dnya zvezdnogo skopleniya Giady i zvezdy Al'debaran, umen'shiv fazu do 0,78-. 8 oktyabrya Luna dostignet sozvezdiya Bliznecov, umen'shiv fazu do 0,63-. Zdes' 10 oktyabrya nochnoe svetilo primet fazu poslednei chetverti i budet nablyudat'sya v utrennie chasy vysoko nad gorizontom. Zatem lunnyi poludisk ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Raka, kotorogo dostignet 10 oktyabrya, umen'shiv fazu do 0,41-. Zdes' 11 oktyabrya Luna pri faze okolo 0,35- proidet severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah strany, Venera imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v nochnoe vremya. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Eridana s bleskom okolo 10m. 88P/Howell peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,3m) v sozvezdii L'va i Cerera (8,2m) v sozvezdii Yuzhnoi Ryby.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: RR Skorpiona 5,9m 5 oktyabrya, o Kita 3,4m - 5 oktyabrya, R Rysi 7,9m - 5 oktyabrya, R Bol'shoi Medvedicy 7,5m - 5 oktyabrya, R Devy 6,9m - 5 oktyabrya, RT Vesov 9,0m - 6 oktyabrya, S Vesov 8,4m - 6 oktyabrya, R Orla 6,1m - 6 oktyabrya, T Gerkulesa 8,0m - 9 oktyabrya, T Skul'ptora 9,2m - 10 oktyabrya, X Kita 8,8m - 11 oktyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Uran, Luna - Pleyady, Luna - Giady, Luna - Al'debaran, Luna - Yasli (M44), Merkurii - al'fa Vesov, Venera - Regul, Mars - myu Ryb, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, Cerera Fomal'gaut, Vesta - Regul.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy, 7 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov i nablyudayas' na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 8 sekund dugi pri bleske slabee 0m. Faza umen'shaetsya do 0,35, a elongaciya izmenyaetsya ot 26 do 22,6 gradusov. V teleskop viden serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,93 do 0,81 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va bliz Regula. Venera vidna v utrennie chasy v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 38,5 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 15,2 do 14,5 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,75. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,10 do 1,15 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Mars nablyudaetsya vsyu noch', i eto luchshii period dlya nablyudenii planety v 2020 godu i nailuchshii na dannoi nedele. Planeta vidna v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy (ustupaya v bleske sredi planet tol'ko Venere) i dostigaet naibol'shei vysoty nad gorizontom okolo mestnoi polunochi. Blesk planety imeet znachenie -2,5m, a vidimyi diametr priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 22,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk (naibol'shii v etom godu), na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti i polyarnuyu shapku. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei imeet znachenie 0,415 a.e. (6 oktyabrya 2020 goda maksimal'noe sblizhenie Marsa s Zemlei), a 13 oktyabrya nastupit protivostoyanie planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy bliz Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet menee 40 sekundy dugi pri bleske -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,92 - 5,03 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet vechernyuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,72 do 9,84 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 18,89 do 18,84 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 29,00 do 29,06 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
6 Oct 2020 22h25m36.60s -25 14.059' 2.979 2.196 8.2 134.1 14.23 285.2 PsA
11 Oct 2020 22h23m52.18s -25 04.389' 2.979 2.246 8.3 129.2 11.48 301.1 PsA
Vesta (4)
6 Oct 2020 9h45m27.97s +15 48.656' 2.482 3.009 8.3 49.7 60.74 105.0 Leo
11 Oct 2020 9h53m31.49s +15 17.124' 2.478 2.955 8.3 52.6 59.89 105.3 Leo
Flora (8)
6 Oct 2020 3h01m11.03s + 5 02.371' 1.861 0.943 8.5 146.7 17.78 227.9 Cet
11 Oct 2020 2h58m57.87s + 4 38.209' 1.860 0.919 8.3 151.8 23.37 238.6 Cet
Partenopa (11)
6 Oct 2020 2h19m28.38s + 5 43.817' 2.328 1.374 9.7 157.1 30.84 242.9 Cet
11 Oct 2020 2h15m33.19s + 5 15.400' 2.333 1.361 9.6 162.6 34.09 245.2 Cet
Evnomiya (15)
6 Oct 2020 8h04m30.41s +24 14.666' 2.347 2.402 10.1 74.8 50.13 107.8 Cnc
11 Oct 2020 8h11m16.20s +23 43.802' 2.356 2.350 10.0 78.1 47.49 109.0 Cnc
Leto (68)
6 Oct 2020 0h34m23.11s - 5 08.119' 2.289 1.299 9.6 169.3 33.46 266.0 Cet
11 Oct 2020 0h30m00.76s - 5 11.038' 2.292 1.314 9.7 164.9 31.75 269.0 Cet
Papagena (471)
6 Oct 2020 2h47m14.42s - 6 46.414' 2.242 1.331 9.7 147.9 22.08 251.6 Eri
11 Oct 2020 2h44m05.87s - 6 58.812' 2.239 1.309 9.6 151.8 26.33 258.3 Cet
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
05 oktyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy omikron Kita (3m), R Bol'shoi Medvedicy (6,5m) i R Devy (5m) bliz maksimuma bleska.
06 oktyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,85-) prohodit yuzhnee Pleyad.
07 oktyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,78-) prohodit severnee Giad i Al'debarana.
08 oktyabrya, 00 chasov 29 minut - Luna (F= 0,70+) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
09 oktyabrya, noch' - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Drakonidy (ZHR= 20).
10 oktyabrya, 00 chasov 39 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
11 oktyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,35-) prohodit severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 8 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 8 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 8 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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