Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 12 po 18 oktyabrya 2020 goda9.10.2020 7:10 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 12 oktyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R L'va dostignet maksimuma bleska (5m). 13 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,18-) proidet severnee Regula, a Mars vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 14 oktyabrya Merkurii okazhetsya v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu, a 15 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,11-) proidet severnee Venery. 16 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,0) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 356915 km ot centra Zemli, a 17 noyabrya posle fazy novoluniya proidet severnee Merkuriya.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 24 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 10 chasov 10 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,11 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 16 oktyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Raka, L'va, Devy i Vesov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,3- do 0,05+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 13 oktyabrya tonkii lunnyi serp (F= 0,18-) proidet severnee Regula, a 14 oktyabrya - severnee Venery pri faze 0,11-. V etot zhe den' staryi mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie Devy pri faze 0,07-, gde 16 oktyabrya primet fazu novoluniya. 17 oktyabrya samyi tonkii molodoi mesyac (F= 0,01+) pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, gde v etot den' proidet severnee Merkuriya. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah strany, Venera imeet utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v nochnoe vremya. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Eridana i Zaica s bleskom okolo 9m. 88P/Howell peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,3m) v sozvezdii L'va i Cerera (8,3m) v sozvezdii Yuzhnoi Ryby i Vodoleya.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R L'va 5,8m - 12 oktyabrya, Z Del'fina 8,8m - 12 oktyabrya, S Gerkulesa 7,6m - 13 oktyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Yasli (M44), Luna - Regul, Luna - Venera, Luna - Spika, Luna - Merkurii, Merkurii - al'fa Vesov, Venera - Regul, Mars - myu Ryb, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, Cerera Fomal'gaut, Vesta - Regul.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem (14 oktyabrya menyaya ego na popyatnoe) po sozvezdiyu Vesov i nablyudayas' na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya dostigayut 9,5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo +1m. Faza umen'shaetsya do 0,13, a elongaciya izmenyaetsya ot 22,6 do 14 gradusov. V teleskop viden serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,81 do 0,70 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Venera vidna v utrennie chasy v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 37 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 14,5 do 14,0 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,75. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,15 do 1,19 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Mars nablyudaetsya vsyu noch', i eto luchshii period dlya nablyudenii planety v 2020 godu. Planeta vidna v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy (ustupaya v bleske sredi planet tol'ko Venere) i dostigaet naibol'shei vysoty nad gorizontom okolo mestnoi polunochi. Blesk planety imeet znachenie -2,5m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 22,5 do 22,0 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk (naibol'shii v etom godu), na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti i polyarnuyu shapku. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,415 do 0,427 a.e. 13 oktyabrya nastupit protivostoyanie planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy bliz Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet 39 sekundy dugi pri bleske -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,03 - 5,14 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet vechernyuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,84 do 9,95 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 18,84 do 18,81 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 29,06 do 29,13 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Oct 2020 22h23m52.18s -25 04.389' 2.979 2.246 8.3 129.2 11.48 301.1 PsA 16 Oct 2020 22h22m42.97s -24 50.507' 2.978 2.299 8.4 124.4 9.84 323.9 Aqr Vesta (4) 11 Oct 2020 9h53m31.49s +15 17.124' 2.478 2.955 8.3 52.6 59.89 105.3 Leo 16 Oct 2020 10h01m26.13s +14 45.688' 2.474 2.897 8.3 55.6 58.92 105.4 Leo Flora (8) 11 Oct 2020 2h58m57.87s + 4 38.209' 1.860 0.919 8.3 151.8 23.37 238.6 Cet 16 Oct 2020 2h55m53.03s + 4 14.048' 1.859 0.901 8.2 156.8 28.61 245.4 Cet Partenopa (11) 11 Oct 2020 2h15m33.19s + 5 15.400' 2.333 1.361 9.6 162.6 34.09 245.2 Cet 16 Oct 2020 2h11m13.86s + 4 47.027' 2.338 1.354 9.5 167.7 36.28 247.3 Cet Evnomiya (15) 11 Oct 2020 8h11m16.20s +23 43.802' 2.356 2.350 10.0 78.1 47.49 109.0 Cnc 16 Oct 2020 8h17m34.66s +23 12.769' 2.365 2.297 10.0 81.5 44.61 110.4 Cnc Leto (68) 11 Oct 2020 0h30m00.76s - 5 11.038' 2.292 1.314 9.7 164.9 31.75 269.0 Cet 16 Oct 2020 0h25m55.96s - 5 10.128' 2.296 1.335 9.9 159.8 29.05 272.9 Psc Papagena (471) 11 Oct 2020 2h44m05.87s - 6 58.812' 2.239 1.309 9.6 151.8 26.33 258.3 Cet 16 Oct 2020 2h40m21.19s - 7 07.379' 2.236 1.292 9.5 155.2 30.01 264.0 Cet a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
12 oktyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R L'va bliz maksimuma bleska (5m).
13 oktyabrya, 23 chasa 10 minut - Mars vstupaet v protivostoyanie s Solncem.
14 oktyabrya, vecher - Merkurii v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu.
15 oktyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,11-) bliz Venery.
16 oktyabrya, 19 chasov 31 minuta - Novolunie.
17 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,01+) bliz Merkuriya.
18 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,05+) bliz Merkuriya.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 15 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 15 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 15 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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