Astronomicheskaya nedelya so 2 po 8 noyabrya 2020 goda30.10.2020 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 2 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,96-) proidet yuzhnee Pleyad, a asteroid Flora (8) vstupit v protivostoyanii s Solncem. 3 noyabrya proizoidet pokrytie na 8 sekund zvezdy HIP 31816 (7,6m) iz sozvezdiya Voznichego asteroidom Sylvania (519) pri vidimosti ot Baikala do Baltiki, a Luna (F= 0,94-) proidet severnee Giad i Al'debarana. V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,90-) zvezdy iota Tel'ca (4,6m) pri vidimosti na Severe Rossii, a Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. 4 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,90-) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 5 noyabrya pri faze 0,76- proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 6 noyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RS Vesov dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,75-) zvezdy omega Bliznecov (5,2m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii. 7 noyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,57-) zvezdy gamma Raka (4,7m) pri vidimosti na bol'shei chasti Rossii. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,58-) proidet severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 17 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 40 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,29 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 8 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 1 do 0,45- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii (s 5 noyabrya - umen'shaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca. Luna 2 noyabrya proidet yuzhnee Pleyad, dostignuv k koncu etogo dnya zvezdnogo skopleniya Giady. 3 noyabrya nochnoe svetilo proidet severnee zvezdy Al'debaran, umen'shiv fazu do 0,95-. 4 noyabrya Luna dostignet sozvezdiya Bliznecov, umen'shiv fazu do 0,84-. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo dostignet maksimal'nogo polozhitel'nogo skloneniya i budet nablyudat'sya v nochnye chasy vysoko nad gorizontom. Zatem lunnyi oval ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Raka, kotorogo dostignet 7 noyabrya, umen'shiv fazu do 0,65-. V etot den' Luna pri faze okolo 0,58- proidet severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44) i asteroida Evnomiya. 8 noyabrya nochnoe svetilo primet fazu poslednei chetverti i pereidet v sozvezdie L'va (F= 0,49-). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v nochnoe vremya. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Zaica i Oriona s bleskom okolo 9m. Kometa NEOWISE (C/2020 P1) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Volopasa s bleskom okolo 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,1m) v sozvezdii L'va i Flora (8,0m) v sozvezdii Kita.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: U Zmei 8,5m - 5 noyabrya, RS Vesov 7,5m - 6 noyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Pleyady, Luna - Giady, Luna - Al'deberan, Luna - Yasli (M44), Merkurii - Spika, Venera - Spika, Mars - dzeta Ryb, Yupiter - Saturn, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno (3 noyabrya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe) po sozvezdiyu Devy, imeya utrennyuyu vidimost' na fone zari. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya izmenyayutsya za nedelyu ot 9 do 7 sekund dugi pri bleske, vozrastayushem ot +1m do -0,4m. Faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,2 do 0,5, a elongaciya izmenyaetsya ot 14 do 19 gradusov. V teleskop viden serp planety, perehodyashii v poludisk. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei izmenyaetsya ot 0,77 do 0,95 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera vidna v utrennie chasy v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 32,5 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet menee 13 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,8. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,28 do 1,32 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Mars nablyudaetsya vsyu noch', i eto luchshii period dlya nablyudenii planety v 2020 godu. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -2,1m do -1,8m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 20 do 18,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti i polyarnuyu shapku. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,47 do 0,50 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya vecherom bliz Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 36 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,35 - 5,45 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na noyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet vechernyuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,18 do 10,30 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 18,80 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 29,30 do 29,40 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
1 Nov 2020 22h23m01.25s -23 41.697' 2.975 2.492 8.7 109.6 15.13 26.9 Aqr
6 Nov 2020 22h24m18.48s -23 13.757' 2.974 2.557 8.7 105.2 18.23 35.6 Aqr
Vesta (4)
1 Nov 2020 10h25m36.77s +13 08.188' 2.461 2.702 8.2 65.4 55.11 105.3 Leo
6 Nov 2020 10h32m46.30s +12 39.491' 2.457 2.638 8.1 68.6 53.60 105.1 Leo
Flora (8)
1 Nov 2020 2h41m57.13s + 3 10.463' 1.859 0.876 8.0 168.0 38.68 259.6 Cet
6 Nov 2020 2h37m03.17s + 2 59.088' 1.859 0.880 8.0 166.9 38.18 263.4 Cet
Partenopa (11)
1 Nov 2020 1h56m30.89s + 3 27.580' 2.355 1.377 9.5 166.9 35.62 253.6 Psc
6 Nov 2020 1h52m13.16s + 3 09.436' 2.360 1.398 9.7 161.7 32.70 255.7 Psc
Evnomiya (15)
1 Nov 2020 8h34m20.69s +21 35.060' 2.394 2.123 9.8 93.2 33.61 115.7 Cnc
6 Nov 2020 8h38m24.25s +21 05.895' 2.404 2.069 9.8 97.2 29.68 118.4 Cnc
Psiheya (16)
1 Nov 2020 5h27m02.20s +18 46.785' 2.636 1.826 10.1 136.4 11.89 254.0 Tau
6 Nov 2020 5h25m09.70s +18 39.957' 2.641 1.790 10.0 141.8 16.77 258.6 Tau
Papagena (471)
1 Nov 2020 2h25m54.91s - 6 58.396' 2.231 1.277 9.5 158.6 36.82 280.2 Cet
6 Nov 2020 2h21m13.62s - 6 41.996' 2.230 1.285 9.5 156.6 36.69 285.7 Cet
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
02 noyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,96-) prohodit yuzhnee Pleyad.
03 noyabrya, 17 chasov 23 minuty - Pokrytie na 8 sekund zvezdy HIP 31816 (7,6m) iz sozvezdiya Voznichego asteroidom Sylvania (519).
04 noyabrya, 02 chasa 39 minut - Luna (F= 0,90-) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
05 noyabrya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RS Vesov dostigaet maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
06 noyabrya, noch' - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,75-) zvezdy omega Bliznecov (5,2m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii.
07 noyabrya, utro - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,57-) zvezdy gamma Raka (4,7m) pri vidimosti na bol'shei chasti Rossii.
08 noyabrya, 13 chasov 46 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 5 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 5 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 5 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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