Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 16 po 22 noyabrya 2020 goda13.11.2020 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 16 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,02+) proidet severnee Antaresa, a 17 noyabrya pri faze 0,05+ okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. V etot zhe den' maksimuma deistviya dostignet meteornyi potok Leonidy (ZHR= 20), a 18 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,14+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 19 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,23+) proidet bliz Yupitera i Saturna, a 20 noyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Kassiopei dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 14 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,38 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 22 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,0 do 0,55+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Skorpiona. V sozvezdie Zmeenosca lunnyi serp voidet 16 noyabrya pri faze 0,01+. Zdes' Luna proidet severnee Antaresa pri faze 0,02+, ustremivshis' k sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, kuda voidet 17 noyabrya pri faze 0,07+. Zdes' 19 noyabrya Luna proidet yuzhnee Yupitera i Saturna pri faze 0,23+, nablyudayas' nizko nad gorizontom na vechernem nebe. V etot zhe den' lunnyi serp pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga i probudet zdes' do 21 noyabrya. Sozvezdiya Vodoleya Luna dostignet 22 noyabrya pri faze 0,45+, prinyav v etot zhe den' fazu pervoi chetverti. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v nochnoe vremya. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Oriona s bleskom okolo 9m. Kometa 88P/Howell peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (8,0m) v sozvezdii L'va i Flora (8,2m) v sozvezdii Kita.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Tel'ca 8,6m - 17 noyabrya, S Oriona 8,4m - 17 noyabrya, RY Zmeenosca 8,2m - 18 noyabrya, R Kassiopei 7,0m - 20 noyabrya, Z Strel'ca 8,6m - 21 noyabrya, X Vodoleya 8,3m - 21 noyabrya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (16 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov), imeya utrennyuyu vidimost' na fone zari. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya izmenyayutsya za nedelyu ot 6 do 5 sekund dugi pri bleske, vozrastayushem ot -0,6m do -0,7m. Faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,75 do 0,9, a elongaciya izmenyaetsya ot 18 do 15 gradusov. V teleskop viden oval planety, perehodyashii v disk. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei izmenyaetsya ot 1,12 do 1,26 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Venera vidna v utrennie chasy v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 29,5 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 12 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze okolo 0,85. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,36 do 1,39 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Mars nablyudaetsya bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -1,6m do -1,3m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 17,3 do 16,0 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,54 do 0,59 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya vecherom bliz Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 35 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,55 - 5,64 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na noyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet vechernyuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,40 do 10,50 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,83 do 18,87 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 29,51 do 29,62 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 16 Nov 2020 22h28m25.53s -22 10.418' 2.972 2.691 8.9 96.7 24.61 45.8 Aqr 21 Nov 2020 22h31m11.88s -21 35.458' 2.971 2.759 8.9 92.5 27.67 49.0 Aqr Vesta (4) 16 Nov 2020 10h46m25.71s +11 46.088' 2.449 2.506 8.0 75.3 50.00 104.4 Leo 21 Nov 2020 10h52m52.99s +11 21.940' 2.444 2.438 8.0 78.7 47.90 103.9 Leo Flora (8) 16 Nov 2020 2h27m50.80s + 2 53.668' 1.861 0.905 8.2 158.8 32.67 273.1 Cet 21 Nov 2020 2h23m57.96s + 3 00.567' 1.863 0.925 8.3 153.7 28.19 280.4 Cet Partenopa (11) 16 Nov 2020 1h44m54.72s + 2 46.359' 2.370 1.458 10.0 150.6 24.25 262.0 Psc 21 Nov 2020 1h42m06.72s + 2 42.093' 2.376 1.497 10.1 145.1 19.18 267.3 Psc Evnomiya (15) 16 Nov 2020 8h44m36.46s +20 10.923' 2.423 1.961 9.7 105.6 21.14 127.5 Cnc 21 Nov 2020 8h46m40.25s +19 45.554' 2.432 1.909 9.6 110.1 16.80 136.0 Cnc Psiheya (16) 16 Nov 2020 5h19m25.79s +18 26.293' 2.651 1.731 9.8 153.1 25.59 262.6 Tau 21 Nov 2020 5h15m42.68s +18 19.661' 2.656 1.711 9.7 158.9 29.07 263.7 Tau Papagena (471) 16 Nov 2020 2h12m36.98s - 5 48.860' 2.229 1.320 9.6 149.6 34.23 299.1 Cet 21 Nov 2020 2h08m59.50s - 5 12.580' 2.229 1.345 9.7 145.3 32.36 307.5 Cet a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
16 noyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,02+) prohodit severnee Antaresa.
17 noyabrya, 00 chasov 07 minut - Luna (F= 0,05+) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
18 noyabrya, 11 chasov 00 minut - Luna (F= 0,14+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
19 noyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,23+) bliz Yupitera i Saturna.
20 noyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Kassiopei bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
21 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Venera bliz Spiki.
22 noyabrya, 04 chasa 45 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 19 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 19 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 19 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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