Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 23 po 29 noyabrya 2020 goda20.11.2020 6:16 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 23 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,63+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, a 24 noyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Zaica dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m). 25 noyabrya dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy X Zmeenosca (6m) i T Kassiopei (6,5m) dostignut maksimuma bleska, a Luna (F= 0,82+) proidet yuzhnee Marsa. 26 noyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,88+) zvezdy nyu Ryb (4,5m) pri vidimosti na bol'shei chasti Rossii, a 27 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,90+) okazhetsya v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405892 km ot centra Zemli. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,93+) proidet yuzhnee Urana, a 29 noyabrya Neptun dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 12 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,44 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona, 29 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 30 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vodoleya, Ryb, Ovna i Tel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,55+ do 1 i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vodoleya. 23 noyabrya proidet yuzhnee Neptuna pri faze 0,63+, a na sleduyushii den' pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, uvelichiv fazu do 0,7+. 25 noyabrya Luna budet nahodit'sya v sozvezdii Kita, a 26 noyabrya snova pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb (F= 0,85+), nahodyas' bliz Marsa. 27 noyabrya pochti polnaya Luna eshe raz posetit sozvezdie Kita pri faze bolee 0,9+, i v etot zhe den' pereidet v sozvezdie Ovna (bliz Urana). Zdes' Luna probudet do 29 noyabrya, kogda pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v nochnoe vremya. Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2020 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364099 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Oriona i Tel'ca s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,9m) v sozvezdii L'va i Flora (8,4m) v sozvezdii Kita.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: T Zhirafa 8,0m - 24 noyabrya, R Zaica 6,8m - 24 noyabrya, Y Perseya 8,4m - 25 noyabrya, X Zmeenosca 6,8 - 25 noyabrya, RZ Pegasa 8,8m - 26 noyabrya, T Kassiopei 7,9m - 27 noyabrya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, imeya utrennyuyu vidimost' na fone zari. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -0,7m. Faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,9 do 0,95, a elongaciya izmenyaetsya ot 15 do 11 gradusov. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei izmenyaetsya ot 1,26 do 1,36 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2020 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2020.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki), 27 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov. Venera vidna v utrennie chasy v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy neba. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 28 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 12 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze okolo 0,85. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide ovala bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,39 do 1,43 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2020.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Mars nablyudaetsya bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -1,3m do -1,1m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 16,0 do 14,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,59 do 0,63 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2020.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya vecherom bliz Saturna. Vyshe 68 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 35 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,64 - 5,72 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na noyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2020.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn imeet vechernyuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno nablyudat' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,50 do 10,60 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2020.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,87 do 18,92 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2020.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno (29 noyabrya perehodya k pryamomu dvizheniyu) po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 29,62 do 29,74 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2020.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Nov 2020 22h34m24.03s -20 58.585' 2.970 2.827 9.0 88.5 30.56 51.4 Aqr 1 Dec 2020 22h37m59.84s -20 19.979' 2.969 2.895 9.0 84.6 33.26 53.3 Aqr Vesta (4) 26 Nov 2020 10h59m03.63s +10 59.864' 2.440 2.369 7.9 82.2 45.61 103.1 Leo 1 Dec 2020 11h04m56.32s +10 40.133' 2.435 2.300 7.8 85.8 43.11 102.2 Leo Flora (8) 26 Nov 2020 2h20m47.67s + 3 13.991' 1.865 0.950 8.5 148.6 23.36 290.7 Cet 1 Dec 2020 2h18m26.27s + 3 33.657' 1.867 0.980 8.6 143.5 19.04 306.3 Cet Evnomiya (15) 26 Nov 2020 8h47m59.89s +19 21.835' 2.442 1.859 9.5 114.7 12.89 150.5 Cnc 1 Dec 2020 8h48m33.71s +18 59.904' 2.452 1.810 9.4 119.6 10.34 175.6 Cnc Psiheya (16) 26 Nov 2020 5h11m33.74s +18 13.324' 2.662 1.697 9.6 164.7 31.71 264.5 Tau 1 Dec 2020 5h07m06.45s +18 07.413' 2.667 1.690 9.5 170.3 33.42 265.1 Tau Papagena (471) 26 Nov 2020 2h05m58.60s - 4 30.487' 2.230 1.376 9.8 140.8 30.56 317.3 Cet 1 Dec 2020 2h03m38.65s - 3 43.266' 2.230 1.411 9.9 136.2 29.20 328.2 Cet a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2020 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na noyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
23 noyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,63+) prohodit yuzhnee Neptuna.
24 noyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Zaica bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
25 noyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,82+) bliz Marsa.
26 noyabrya, 19 chasov 18 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,88+) zvezdy nyu Ryb (4,5m) pri vidimosti na bol'shei chasti Rossii.
27 noyabrya, 00 chasov 28 minut - Luna (F= 0,90+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405892 km ot centra Zemli.
28 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Venera bliz Spiki.
29 noyabrya, 08 chasov 41 minuta - Neptun v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 26 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 26 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 26 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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