Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 11 po 17 yanvarya 2021 goda8.01.2021 11:02 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 11 yanvarya Merkurii proidet v 1,4 gr. ot Yupitera, a Luna (F= 0,03-) - yuzhnee Venery. 12 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,01-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a 14 yanvarya pri faze 0,01+ budet nahodit'sya bliz Merkuriya, Yupitera i Saturna. V etot zhe den' Uran dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu, a 16 yanvarya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,13+) zvezdy tau2 Vodoleya (4,0m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii. 17 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,18+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna i severnee Cerery.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy sostavlyaet okolo 13 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote uvelichivaetsya do 7 chasov 45 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 32,52 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 13 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,05- do 0,25+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca. 11 yanvarya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca pri faze 0,05-. V etot den' tayushii serp (F= 0,03-) proidet yuzhnee Venery, a 13 yanvarya primet zdes' fazu novoluniya, pereidya v etot den' v sozvezdie Kozeroga i vyidya na vechernee nebo. 14 yanvarya tonkii rastushii serp sblizitsya s Saturnom, Yupiterom i Merkuriem, nablyudayas' nizko nad gorizontom na vechernem nebe. 15 yanvarya lunnyi serp dostignet sozvezdiya Vodoleya pri faze 0,07+, gde 17 yanvarya proidet mezhdu Neptunom i Cereroi, uvelichiv fazu do 0,18+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari, a Mars, Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Yupiter, Saturn i Merkurii nablyudayutsya na fone vechernei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh raionah strany). Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Voznichego s bleskom okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,0m) v sozvezdiyah L'va i Devy.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, nahodyas' na vechernem nebe. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1m. Faza planety umen'shaetsya do 0,75, pri uvelichivayusheisya do 17 gradusov elongacii ot Solnca. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,26 do 1,12 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 16,5 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze blizkoi k 1. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide diska bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,59 do 1,61 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Mars nablyudaetsya pervuyu polovinu nochi. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot 0m do +0,1m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 9,4 do 8,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,0 do 1,06 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari bliz Saturna (zakanchivaya vechernyuyu vidimost'). Vyshe 70 paralleli Yupiter ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet menee 33 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,04 - 6,06 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na yanvar'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn zakanchivaet vechernyuyu vidimost', a nablyudat' ego mozhno bliz Yupitera. Vyshe 70 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,95 do 10,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m) i bliz Marsa). Uran imeet vechernyuyu i nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,48 do 19,60 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 30,44 do 30,54 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Jan 2021 23h18m41.55s -14 14.257' 2.956 3.413 9.3 54.7 49.37 60.4 Aqr 16 Jan 2021 23h24m38.79s -13 25.286' 2.954 3.467 9.3 51.3 50.69 60.8 Aqr Vesta (4) 11 Jan 2021 11h37m35.30s +10 06.948' 2.397 1.753 7.1 119.6 14.58 61.6 Vir 16 Jan 2021 11h39m02.96s +10 23.111' 2.392 1.695 7.0 124.4 12.25 39.5 Leo Flora (8) 11 Jan 2021 2h32m04.32s + 9 01.550' 1.896 1.349 9.6 107.8 43.85 54.8 Cet 16 Jan 2021 2h37m14.90s + 9 52.883' 1.901 1.403 9.7 104.2 47.94 57.5 Cet Irena (14) 11 Jan 2021 8h51m20.03s +26 46.999' 2.338 1.387 9.4 160.7 34.64 308.7 Cnc 16 Jan 2021 8h47m08.53s +27 30.007' 2.330 1.364 9.3 165.7 37.35 305.0 Cnc Evnomiya (15) 11 Jan 2021 8h24m41.27s +17 09.903' 2.533 1.567 8.7 166.2 39.07 264.6 Cnc 16 Jan 2021 8h19m15.72s +17 02.896' 2.543 1.565 8.6 172.3 40.46 265.3 Cnc Mel'pomena (18) 11 Jan 2021 9h18m30.82s + 8 56.575' 2.353 1.445 9.8 150.8 33.60 299.1 Cnc 16 Jan 2021 9h14m23.02s + 9 31.476' 2.365 1.429 9.7 156.9 38.20 299.1 Cnc Amfitrita (29) 11 Jan 2021 10h55m43.42s +11 58.326' 2.520 1.774 10.0 129.9 6.12 285.2 Leo 16 Jan 2021 10h54m37.40s +12 03.066' 2.524 1.729 9.9 135.3 11.83 286.4 Leo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
11 yanvarya, vecher - Merkurii prohodit v 1,4 gr. ot Yupitera.
12 yanvarya, utro - Luna (F= 0,02-) bliz Venery.
13 yanvarya, 05 chasov 01 minuta - Novolunie.
14 yanvarya, 12 chasov 36 minut - Uran v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
15 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,01+) bliz Merkuriya, Yupitera i Saturna.
16 yanvarya, 15 chasov 30 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,13+) zvezdy tau2 Vodoleya (4,0m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii.
17 yanvarya, i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa ATLAS (C/2020 M3) bliz zvezdy Kapella iz sozvezdiya Voznichego.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 14 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 14 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 14 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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