Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 po 31 yanvarya 2021 goda16.01.2021 6:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 26 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,95+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,96+) zvezdy omega Bliznecov (5,2m) pri vidimosti na bol'shei chasti Rossii. 28 yanvarya Luna (F= 1,0) proidet severnee zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44), a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi zvezdy gamma Raka (4,6m) pri vidimosti pochti na vsei territorii Rossii. 29 yanvarya Yupiter vstupit v soedinenie s Solncem, a 30 yanvarya Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,97-) proidet severnee Regula.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 17 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote vozrastaet do 8 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,47 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 28 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,85+ do 0,87- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii (do 26 yanvarya, a zatem - umen'shaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca. 25 yanvarya nochnoe svetilo pereidet v sozvezdie Bliznecov pri faze 0,9+, a 27 yanvarya dostignet sozvezdiya Raka, prinyav zdes' fazu polnoluniya 28 yanvarya okolo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 29 yanvarya polnaya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie L'va i ustremitsya k Regulu, severnee kotorogo proidet 30 yanvarya pri faze 0,97-. 31 yanvarya nochnoe svetilo pereidet v sozvezdie Devy i pri faze 0,87- zakonchit svoi put' po nebu mesyaca. Mars i Uran mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Yupiter i Saturn ne vidny. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Voznichego s bleskom slabee 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,7m) v sozvezdii L'va.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd, nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Kita 7,5m - 27 yanvarya, R Perseya 8,0m - 27 yanvarya, SV Andromedy 7,8m - 29 yanvarya, Y Perseya 9,0m - 29 yanvarya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem (30 yanvarya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe) po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, nablyudayas' na fone vechernei zari. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya izmenyayutsya ot 7 do 9 dugi, a blesk ot -0,4m do +1,1m. Faza planety umen'shaetsya ot 0,5 do 0,18, pri umen'shayusheisya ot 19 do 14 gradusov elongacii k vostoku ot Solnca. V teleskop viden serp bystroi planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,94 do 0,76 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 13 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze blizkoi k 1. V teleskop planeta vidna v vide diska bez kakih-libo detalei na poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,63 do 1,65 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Mars nablyudaetsya pervuyu polovinu nochi. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot +0,3m do +0,4m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 8,3 do 7,8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy eshe mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,12 do 1,19 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v soedinenie s Solncem 29 yanvarya. Vyshe 70 paralleli planeta ne voshodit voobshe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet menee 33 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli okolo 6,07 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na yanvar'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden iz-za blizosti k Solncu. Vyshe 70 paralleli Saturn voobshe ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 10,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m) i bliz Marsa). Uran imeet vechernyuyu i nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,72 do 19,83 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na vechernem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 30,63 do 30,71 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
26 Jan 2021 23h36m59.41s -11 45.535' 2.950 3.567 9.3 44.7 52.95 61.5 Aqr
31 Jan 2021 23h43m20.97s -10 54.940' 2.948 3.613 9.3 41.5 53.91 61.8 Aqr
Vesta (4)
26 Jan 2021 11h39m52.73s +11 10.355' 2.382 1.587 6.8 134.4 14.63 348.6 Leo
31 Jan 2021 11h39m12.16s +11 41.088' 2.378 1.539 6.7 139.7 18.58 333.2 Leo
Flora (8)
26 Jan 2021 2h49m20.89s +11 37.463' 1.912 1.516 9.9 97.4 54.95 61.7 Ari
31 Jan 2021 2h56m10.31s +12 29.883' 1.918 1.574 10.0 94.2 57.90 63.4 Ari
Irena (14)
26 Jan 2021 8h37m28.81s +28 51.391' 2.314 1.339 9.1 169.9 39.21 298.8 Cnc
31 Jan 2021 8h32m22.02s +29 27.360' 2.307 1.336 9.2 167.0 38.24 296.1 Cnc
Evnomiya (15)
26 Jan 2021 8h08m15.68s +16 50.374' 2.563 1.582 8.6 173.7 39.52 265.6 Cnc
31 Jan 2021 8h03m01.30s +16 44.422' 2.573 1.602 8.7 167.8 37.34 265.3 Cnc
Mel'pomena (18)
26 Jan 2021 9h04m50.02s +10 52.516' 2.389 1.415 9.5 169.0 43.86 299.6 Cnc
31 Jan 2021 8h59m43.24s +11 36.656' 2.400 1.418 9.4 174.0 44.71 300.1 Cnc
Amfitrita (29)
26 Jan 2021 10h50m16.06s +12 22.267' 2.532 1.652 9.7 146.5 22.59 286.2 Leo
31 Jan 2021 10h47m05.00s +12 35.913' 2.536 1.622 9.5 152.3 27.34 285.8 Leo
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
25 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa ATLAS (C/2020 M3) bliz zvezdy Kapella iz sozvezdiya Voznichego.
26 yanvarya, 15 chasov 00 minut - Luna (F= 0,95+) bliz tochki maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
27 yanvarya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Kita bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m)
28 yanvarya, 19 chasov 17 minut - Polnolunie.
29 yanvarya, 00 chasov 51 minuta - Yupiter v soedinenii s Solncem.
30 yanvarya, 02 chasa 18 minut - Merkurii dostigaet stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu.
31 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Mars bliz Urana.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 28 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 28 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 28 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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