Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 8 po 14 fevralya 2021 goda5.02.2021 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 8 fevralya Merkurii dostignet nizhnego soedineniya s Solncem, a Luna (F= 0,11-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 10 fevralya Luna (F= 0,02-) budet nahodit'sya bliz Merkuriya, Venery, Yupitera i Saturna, a 11 fevralya Venera proidet v 0,4 gr. yuzhnee Yupitera. 13 fevralya Merkurii proidet v 4,5 gr. severnee Venery, a Luna (0,04+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. 14 fevralya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Kassiopei dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m). Krome etogo na utrennem nebe nablyudaetsya parad iz chetyreh yarkih planet (Merkurii, Venera, Yupiter i Saturn), no luchshe vsego on viden v yuzhnyh shirotah v konce nedeli.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 21 gradusa, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote vozrastaet do 9 chasov 40 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,39 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 11 fevralya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,15- do 0,1+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca. V etom sozvezdii staryi mesyac probudet pochti do 10 fevralya, pereidya v sozvezdie Kozeroga pri faze 0,03-. Zdes' Luna pered novoluniem 11 fevralya budet nahodit'sya yuzhnee Merkuriya, Yupitera i Saturna. 12 fevralya tonkii lunnyi serp (F= 0,01+) dostignet sozvezdiya Vodoleya, gde 13 fevralya proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, uvelichiv fazu do 0,04+. Na sleduyushii den' Luna (F= 0,07+) pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, a zatem (15 fevralya) v sozvezdie Kita uzhe pri faze 0,11+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera, Yupiter i Saturn nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, a Mars i Uran mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu, Neptun nablyudaetsya po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 M3) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Voznichego s bleskom slabee 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na fevral', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,4m) v sozvezdii L'va.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd, nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: RU Vesov 8,4m - 11 fevralya, V Kassiopei 7,2m - 14 fevralya,
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, nachinaya na dannoi nedele svoyu utrennyuyu vidimost' i prisoedinyayas' k paradu planet vmeste s Veneroi, Yupiterom i Saturnom. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya priderzhivayutsya znacheniya10 sekund dugi, a blesk izmenyaetsya ot +4m do +2m. Faza planety uvelichivaetsya ot 0 do 0,10, a elongaciya ot 3 do 13 gradusov. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 0,66 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Venera zakanchivaet vidimost', no uchastvuet v utrennem parade planet. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 10 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze blizkoi k 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,67 do 1,68 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Mars nablyudaetsya pervuyu polovinu nochi. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot +0,5m do +0,6m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 7,4 do 7,0 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk, na kotorom v lyubitel'skie teleskopy eshe mozhno rassmotret' detali poverhnosti. Fotograficheskie metody nablyudeniya s posleduyushei obrabotkoi na komp'yutere prinesut bolee kachestvennyi rezul'tat. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,26 do 1,33 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter viden na utrennem nebe (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah), uchastvuya v parade planet. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet menee 33 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,06 - 6,04 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na fevral'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, nachinaya vidimost' i uchastvuya v parade planet. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,94 do 10,90 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m) i bliz Marsa). Uran imeet vechernyuyu i nochnuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,95 do 20,07 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na vechernem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 30,77 do 30,83 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
6 Feb 2021 23h51m07.51s - 9 53.735' 2.945 3.664 9.3 37.7 54.97 62.2 Aqr
11 Feb 2021 23h57m42.91s - 9 02.406' 2.943 3.703 9.2 34.5 55.76 62.5 Cet
Vesta (4)
6 Feb 2021 11h37m24.82s +12 23.547' 2.372 1.488 6.6 146.1 24.11 321.8 Leo
11 Feb 2021 11h35m07.34s +13 02.839' 2.367 1.452 6.4 151.6 28.71 315.5 Leo
Gigeiya (10)
6 Feb 2021 8h35m19.98s +16 04.564' 3.198 2.223 10.0 169.7 30.83 280.7 Cnc
11 Feb 2021 8h31m18.15s +16 15.854' 3.193 2.234 10.1 163.7 29.24 280.7 Cnc
Irena (14)
6 Feb 2021 8h26m20.39s +30 04.584' 2.298 1.342 9.3 161.3 35.44 293.0 Cnc
11 Feb 2021 8h21m38.47s +30 29.883' 2.290 1.353 9.4 156.0 31.79 290.4 Cnc
Evnomiya (15)
6 Feb 2021 7h57m14.22s +16 37.279' 2.585 1.635 8.9 160.5 33.44 264.7 Cnc
11 Feb 2021 7h52m58.94s +16 31.217' 2.595 1.669 9.0 154.5 29.27 263.8 Gem
Mel'pomena (18)
6 Feb 2021 8h53m35.45s +12 30.792' 2.414 1.432 9.5 173.2 43.94 300.9 Cnc
11 Feb 2021 8h48m41.09s +13 15.603' 2.425 1.451 9.6 167.9 41.84 301.9 Cnc
Amfitrita (29)
6 Feb 2021 10h42m29.32s +12 54.848' 2.541 1.594 9.4 159.4 32.19 285.1 Leo
11 Feb 2021 10h38m07.39s +13 11.964' 2.545 1.577 9.3 165.4 35.26 284.4 Leo
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii fevralya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na fevral', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
08 fevralya, 13 chasov 40 minut - Merkurii v nizhnem soedinenii s Solncem.
09 fevralya, utro - Nachalo utrennego parada planet (Merkurii, Venera, Yupiter i Saturn).
10 fevralya, utro - Luna (F= 0,02-) nahoditsya bliz Saturna, Venery, Yupitera i Merkuriya.
11 fevralya, 19 chasov 07 minut - Novolunie.
12 fevralya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RU Vesov bliz maksimuma bleska (7,5m).
13 fevralya, utro - Merkurii prohodit v 4,5 gr. severnee Venery.
14 fevralya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda V Kassiopei bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 11 fevralya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 11 fevralya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 11 fevralya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 02 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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