Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 29 marta po 4 aprelya 2021 goda26.03.2021 17:20 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 29 marta Luna (F= 0,98-) proidet severnee Spiki, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,98-) zvezdy 74 Devy (4.7m) pri vidimosti na bol'shei chasti strany. 30 marta Merkurii proidet v 1,3 gr. yuzhnee Neptuna, a Luna (F= 0,97-) okazhetsya v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 360307 km ot centra Zemli. 1 aprelya Luna (F= 0,77-) proidet severnee Antaresa, a 2 aprelya (F= 0,75-) dostignet nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity. V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,69-) zvezdy teta Zmeenosca (3,3m) pri vidimosti v Primor'e i na Kamchatke, a 4 aprelya Luna (F= 0,53-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 40 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote vozrastaet do 13 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,98 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 4 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca i Strel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 1,0 do 0,45- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. 29 marta yarkii lunnyi disk proidet severnee Spiki, ustremivshis' k sozvezdiyu Vesov, v kotoroe voidet 30 marta pri faze 0,95-. Umen'shiv fazu do 0,85-, Luna zakonchit zdes' put' po nebu marta, priblizivshis' k sozvezdiyu Skorpiona. V pervyi den' mesyaca nochnoe svetilo iz sozvezdiya Skorpiona pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca pri faze 0,78- (nablyudayas' severnee Antaresa). 3 lunnyi oval pri faze 0,65- peresechet granicu sozvezdiya Strel'ca i probudet zdes' do 5 aprelya. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Yupiter i Saturn imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars i Uran mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Venera i Neptun ne vidny. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 R4) s bleskom okolo 10m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Orla. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,4m) v sozvezdii L'va.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd, nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: S Malogo L'va 8,7m - 3 aprelya i RT Vesov 8,6m - 3 aprelya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya (2 aprelya perehodya v sozvezdie Ryb), imeya utrennyuyu vidimost'. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi, a blesk - okolo -0,5m. Faza planety uvelichivaetsya ot 0,82 do 0,9, a elongaciya umen'shaetsya ot 19 do 14 gradusov. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,23 do 1,29 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyam Kita i Ryb. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no ne vidna. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 3 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze blizkoi k 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi priderzhivaetsya 1,72 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca (bliz Giad). Mars nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo +1,2m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 5,3 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi krasnovatyi disk. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,73 do 1,80 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter viden na utrennem nebe ryadom s planetoi Saturn. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 35 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,71 - 5,63 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe bliz Yupitera. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,7m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,47 do 10,37 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet vechernyuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,62 do 20,67 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 30,88 do 30,84 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Apr 2021 1h05.84375m - 0.70257 deg 2.919 3.905 8.9 8.0 59.49 65.5 Cet 6 Apr 2021 1h13.03307m + 0.11479 deg 2.917 3.907 8.9 7.1 59.57 65.9 Cet Vesta (4) 1 Apr 2021 10h55.22042m +18.59086 deg 2.318 1.426 6.4 145.2 23.72 282.7 Leo 6 Apr 2021 10h52.39222m +18.71695 deg 2.313 1.456 6.5 139.9 18.48 276.2 Leo Irida (7) 1 Apr 2021 23h58.24644m + 3.80295 deg 1.964 2.937 9.8 10.7 88.99 66.8 Psc 6 Apr 2021 0h09.15750m + 4.97201 deg 1.955 2.919 9.8 12.6 89.40 66.9 Psc Metida (9) 1 Apr 2021 13h08.97374m + 0.90791 deg 2.497 1.504 9.5 171.2 38.82 288.0 Vir 6 Apr 2021 13h04.12080m + 1.29275 deg 2.503 1.507 9.5 172.3 38.97 286.5 Vir Evnomiya (15) 1 Apr 2021 7h47.98729m +15.18381 deg 2.692 2.256 10.1 104.9 20.17 107.0 Gem 6 Apr 2021 7h50.91869m +14.98409 deg 2.701 2.331 10.2 100.7 23.86 105.5 Gem Amfitrita (29) 1 Apr 2021 9h58.70386m +14.61810 deg 2.583 1.774 10.0 135.5 12.82 255.6 Leo 6 Apr 2021 9h57.40440m +14.48992 deg 2.587 1.825 10.1 130.3 8.75 236.8 Leo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta i aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
29 marta, noch' - Luna (F= 0,98-) prohodit severnee Spiki.
30 marta, 06 chasov 15 minut - Luna (F= 0,97-) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 360307 km ot centra Zemli.
31 marta i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Mars okolo rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Giady.
01 aprelya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,77-) prohodit severnee Antaresa.
02 aprelya, 02 chasa 41 minuta - Luna (F= 0,75-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
03 aprelya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda S Malogo L'va bliz maksimuma bleska (7,5m).
04 aprelya, 10 chasov 03 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 1 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 1 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 1 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 03 i 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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