Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 5 po 11 aprelya 2021 goda2.04.2021 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 6 aprelya Luna (F= 0,3-) proidet yuzhnee Saturna, a 7 aprelya pri faze 0,22- - yuzhnee Yupitera. 9 aprelya Luna (F= 0,07-) budet nahodit'sya bliz Neptuna, a 11 aprelya pri faze 0,01- proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya. Krome etogo, u sputnikov Yupitera nastupil period, kogda oni maksimal'no sblizhayutsya drug s drugom i dazhe pokryvayutsya drug drugom. Eto ob'yasnyaetsya tem, chto v dannyi period ugol naklona ploskostei orbit sputnikov Yupitera k nablyudatelyu na Zemle blizok k 0.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 43 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote vozrastaet do 14 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,91 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 12 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,45- do 0 i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca. Pereidya v sozvezdie Kozeroga pri faze 0,39-, lunnyi serp (F= 0,3-) 6 aprelya budet nahodit'sya yuzhnee Saturna, a 7 aprelya (F= 0,22-) - yuzhnee Yupitera. V etot den' pri faze okolo 0,2- Luna dostignet sozvezdiya Vodoleya, gde 9 aprelya proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, umen'shiv fazu do 0,07-. V sozvezdie Ryb tonkii serp Luny (F= 0,04-) pereidet 10 aprelya, no v etot zhe den' vstupit v sozvezdie Kita, gde probudet do 11 aprelya, kogda vnov' dostignet granicy sozvezdiya Ryb. Zdes' Luna primet fazu novoluniya uzhe 12 aprelya, nahodyas' ryadom s Veneroi. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Yupiter i Saturn imeyut utrennyuyu vidimost', a Mars i Uran mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Venera i Neptun ne vidny. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/ .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2020 R4) s bleskom okolo 10m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Orla. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,5m) v sozvezdii L'va.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd, nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: X Zhirafa 8,2m - 11 aprelya i S Volopasa 8,8m - 11 aprelya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb i Kita, imeya utrennyuyu vidimost'. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi, a blesk - okolo -1m. Faza planety uvelichivaetsya ot 0,9 do 0,95, a elongaciya umen'shaetsya ot 14 do 8 gradusov. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,29 do 1,32 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no ne vidna. Tem ne menee, samye opytnye nablyudateli mogut naiti planetu okolo gorizonta srazu posle zahoda Solnca. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 4,5 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze blizkoi k 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi priderzhivaetsya 1,72 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca (bliz beta Tel'ca). Mars nablyudaetsya v vechernee vremya. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi krasnovatyi disk. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,80 do 1,86 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter viden na utrennem nebe ryadom s planetoi Saturn. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 35,5 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,63 - 5,54 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe bliz Yupitera. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,7m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,37 do 10,27 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna (+2m)). Uran imeet vechernyuyu vidimost'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,67 do 20,71 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 30,84 do 30,79 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Apr 2021 1h13.03307m + 0.11479 deg 2.917 3.907 8.9 7.1 59.57 65.9 Cet 11 Apr 2021 1h20.25012m + 0.92108 deg 2.914 3.905 8.9 7.3 59.59 66.2 Cet Vesta (4) 6 Apr 2021 10h52.39222m +18.71695 deg 2.313 1.456 6.5 139.9 18.48 276.2 Leo 11 Apr 2021 10h50.25614m +18.73777 deg 2.308 1.490 6.6 134.7 13.23 265.1 Leo Irida (7) 6 Apr 2021 0h09.15750m + 4.97201 deg 1.955 2.919 9.8 12.6 89.40 66.9 Psc 11 Apr 2021 0h20.14241m + 6.14199 deg 1.945 2.900 9.8 14.4 89.76 67.0 Psc Metida (9) 6 Apr 2021 13h04.12080m + 1.29275 deg 2.503 1.507 9.5 172.3 38.97 286.5 Vir 11 Apr 2021 12h59.28160m + 1.63962 deg 2.509 1.517 9.6 169.1 37.93 284.8 Vir Evnomiya (15) 6 Apr 2021 7h50.91869m +14.98409 deg 2.701 2.331 10.2 100.7 23.86 105.5 Gem 11 Apr 2021 7h54.33247m +14.76682 deg 2.711 2.406 10.3 96.6 27.30 104.7 Gem Amfitrita (29) 6 Apr 2021 9h57.40440m +14.48992 deg 2.587 1.825 10.1 130.3 8.75 236.8 Leo 11 Apr 2021 9h56.79831m +14.30919 deg 2.591 1.879 10.2 125.3 6.72 199.5 Leo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
05 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Kometa ATLAS (C/2020 R4) bliz zvezdy Al'tair.
06 aprelya, utro - Luna (F= 0,3-) prohodit yuzhnee Saturna.
07 aprelya, utro - Luna (F= 0,22-) prohodit yuzhnee Yupitera.
08 aprelya, 06 chasov 40 minut - Cerera v soedinenii s Solncem.
09 aprelya, utro - Luna (F= 0,07-) bliz Neptuna.
10 aprelya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda X Zhirafa bliz maksimuma bleska (7m).
11 aprelya, utro - Luna (F= 0,01-) prohodit yuzhnee Merkuriya.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 8 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 8 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 8 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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