Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 6 po 12 sentyabrya 2021 goda3.09.2021 6:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 7 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,01+) proidet severnee Marsa. 9 sentyabrya proizoidet pokrytie na 2 sekundy zvezdy HIP 29775 7,3m iz sozvezdiya Oriona asteroidom Bavariya (301) pri vidimosti na yuge Rossii, a takzhe nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Sentyabr'skie epsilon-Perseidy (ZHR= 5). V etot zhe den' kometa Faya (4P) proidet perigelii svoei orbity, a Luna (F= 0,05+) proidet severnee Merkuriya (bliz Spiki). 10 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,1+) proidet severnee Venery, a 11 sentyabrya pri faze 0,23+ dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 368465 km ot centra Zemli. 12 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,37+) proidet nishodyashii uzel svoei orbity, a asteroid Pallada (2) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. Prodolzhaetsya period, kogda yarkie sputniki Yupitera tesno sblizhayutsya i pokryvayutsya drug drugom.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 38 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 55 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 31,77 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 7 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona i Zmeenosca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,01- do 0,4+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. V etom sozvezdii 7 sentyabrya Luna primet fazu novoluniya. V sozvezdie Devy tonkii lunnyi serp voidet uzhe na vechernem nebe pri faze 0,01+, nahodyas' severnee Marsa. 8 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,05+) proidet severnee Merkuriya, a na sleduyushii den' - severnee Spiki pri faze 0,09+ (nahodyas' yuzhnee Vesty). 10 sentyabrya lunnyi serp budet nablyudat'sya severnee Venery pri faze 0,1+, a zatem ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Vesov, kotorogo dostignet v etot zhe den' pri faze 0,17+. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo probudet do 12 sentyabrya, kogda dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona pri faze 0,33. V etot zhe den' lunnyi serp pri faze 0,4+ vstupit v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, nablyudayas' severnee Antaresa. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe, a Yupiter i Saturn vidny vecherom i noch'yu. Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) s bleskom okolo 11m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Gerkulesa. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,9m) v sozvezdii Devy.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd, nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignet RU Gerkulesa 8,2m - 12 sentyabrya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut bolee 6 sekund dugi, a blesk priderzhivaetsya 0m. Faza planety umen'shaetsya ot 0,68 do 0,58, a elongaciya uvelichivaetsya do 26,5 gradusov. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,08 do 0,98 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Venera vidna na fone vechernei zari pri elongacii, kotoraya uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 41 do 42 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Nablyudat' planetu mozhno i dnem, tochno znaya ee gorizontal'nye koordinaty na dannyi moment vremeni. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 16 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze blizkoi k 0,7. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,07 do 1,02 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Mars nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 2,63 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter viden vecherom i noch'yu v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy nochnogo neba (levee Saturna). Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet menee 49 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,05 - 4,10 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya vecherom i noch'yu pravee Yupitera. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,3m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,11 do 9,18 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran nablyudaetsya vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 19,23 do 19,13 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' vsyu noch'. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 28,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Cerera (1) 6 Sep 2021 4h31.85846m +15.45560 deg 2.813 2.545 8.7 94.6 26.67 80.5 Tau 11 Sep 2021 4h35.29215m +15.58996 deg 2.809 2.475 8.6 98.6 23.29 80.3 Tau Pallada (2) 6 Sep 2021 23h13.19846m + 0.87461 deg 3.157 2.156 8.6 171.7 43.60 221.0 Psc 11 Sep 2021 23h09.43081m - 0.23965 deg 3.149 2.144 8.5 175.2 44.57 220.6 Psc Vesta (4) 6 Sep 2021 13h29.82363m - 4.12522 deg 2.186 2.872 7.9 39.2 74.60 114.4 Vir 11 Sep 2021 13h38.92173m - 5.15027 deg 2.184 2.904 7.9 36.9 75.37 114.0 Vir Geba (6) 6 Sep 2021 19h11.73871m -18.90098 deg 2.166 1.439 9.1 123.6 21.66 161.5 Sgr 11 Sep 2021 19h13.19434m -19.56612 deg 2.155 1.479 9.2 119.0 22.89 145.2 Sgr Irida (7) 6 Sep 2021 6h15.68094m +24.90095 deg 1.856 1.945 9.6 69.8 76.14 94.8 Gem 11 Sep 2021 6h26.65290m +24.65194 deg 1.860 1.903 9.6 72.1 74.17 96.2 Gem Viktoriya (12) 6 Sep 2021 20h06.05106m - 3.85262 deg 1.837 0.966 9.5 137.0 15.92 154.7 Aql 11 Sep 2021 20h07.52543m - 4.32704 deg 1.841 1.002 9.6 132.9 19.49 135.3 Aql Garmoniya (40) 6 Sep 2021 1h03.77772m - 1.25501 deg 2.162 1.238 9.9 148.3 23.36 234.6 Cet 11 Sep 2021 1h01.00969m - 1.72838 deg 2.162 1.212 9.8 153.8 28.52 238.7 Cet Yuliya (89) 6 Sep 2021 21h48.11277m + 0.44402 deg 2.098 1.119 9.1 161.1 39.60 281.6 Aqr 11 Sep 2021 21h43.35999m + 0.68729 deg 2.095 1.134 9.2 156.1 34.91 281.0 Aqr Dembowska (349) 6 Sep 2021 21h24.47535m -27.28189 deg 2.749 1.832 9.9 149.5 23.50 273.9 Cap 11 Sep 2021 21h21.30760m -27.19826 deg 2.745 1.863 10.0 144.5 20.18 280.8 Cap a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
06 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov.
07 sentyabrya, 00 chasov 51 minuta - Novolunie.
08 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,04+) bliz Merkuriya.
09 sentyabrya, 00 chasov 14 minut - Pokrytie na 2 sekundy zvezdy HIP 29775 7,3m iz sozvezdiya Oriona asteroidom Bavariya (301) pri vidimosti na yuge Rossii.
10 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,18+) bliz Venery.
11 sentyabrya, 10 chasov 02 minuty - Luna (F= 0,23+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 368465 km ot centra Zemli.
12 sentyabrya, 16 chasov 35 minut - Luna (F= 0,37+) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 9 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 9 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 9 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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