Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 11 po 17 oktyabrya 2021 goda8.10.2021 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 11 oktyabrya Saturn dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. 12 oktyabrya proizoidet pokrytie na 1 sekundu zvezdy HIP 42076 (6m) iz sozvezdiya Gidry asteroidom 21564 pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii, a Luna (F= 0,42+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,43+) zvezdy fi Strel'ca (3,2m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri. 14 oktyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda U Kita dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Luna (F= 0,63+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 15 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,74+) proidet yuzhnee Yupitera. 16 oktyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,85+) zvezdy tau Vodoleya (4,1m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti strany, a Venera proidet v 1,4 gr. severnee Antaresa. 17 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,9+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 24 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 10 chasov 15 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,11 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 13 oktyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,25+ do 0,9+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii (uvelichivaya s 12 oktyabrya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca. V sozvezdie Strel'ca rastushii serp pereidet 11 oktyabrya pri faze 0,32+. Zdes' Luna primet fazu pervoi chetverti 13 oktyabrya, pereidya v etot zhe den' v sozvezdie Kozeroga pri faze 0,57+. V sozvezdii Kozeroga lunnyi oval (F= 0,63+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna 14 oktyabrya, a 15 oktyabrya pri faze 0,74+ yuzhnee Yupitera, voidya v etot zhe den' v sozvezdie Vodoleya, uvelichiv fazu do 0,77+. V sozvezdii Vodoleya 17 oktyabrya yarkaya Luna (F= 0,9+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, a Veneru mozhno naiti na vechernem nebe. Mars ne viden, a Yupiter i Saturn nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu. Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) s bleskom okolo 10m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca i Bliznecov. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Vesov.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd, nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Del'fina 8,6m - 13 oktyabrya, T Eridana 7,9m - 13 oktyabrya, U Kita 7,4m - 14 oktyabrya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno (priblizhayas' k stoyaniyu 18 oktyabrya) po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, k koncu nedeli uvelichivaya elongaciyu pochti do 15 gradusov. Planetu mozhno dostatochno legko naiti na fone utrennei zari. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya umen'shayutsya ot 10 do 8,5 sekund dugi, a blesk vozrastaet do +1m. Faza planety uvelichivaetsya ot 0 do 0,2. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,67 do 0,79 do a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona bliz Antaresa. Venera vidna na fone vechernei zari pri elongacii, kotoraya uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 46 do 46,5 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Nablyudat' planetu mozhno i dnem, tochno znaya ee gorizontal'nye koordinaty na dannyi moment vremeni. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya ot 20,5 do 22 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo -4,3m pri faze blizkoi k 0,6. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,81 do 0,76 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy bliz Spiki. Mars nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden, t.k. nahoditsya bliz soedineniya s Solncem. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo +1,6m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,63 do 2,61 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno (priblizhayas' k stoyaniyu 18 oktyabrya) po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter viden vecherom i noch'yu v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy nochnogo neba (levee Saturna). Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 44,5 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,5m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,38 - 4,47 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya vecherom i noch'yu pravee Yupitera. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - menee 17,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,56 do 9,68 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran viden vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 18,83 do 18,79 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,03 do 29,09 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Oct 2021 4h44.65678m +16.12292 deg 2.785 2.083 8.1 125.5 3.29 307.4 Tau 16 Oct 2021 4h44.01949m +16.18377 deg 2.781 2.027 8.0 130.6 7.78 284.0 Tau Pallada (2) 11 Oct 2021 22h49.95143m - 6.77226 deg 3.096 2.235 9.1 143.7 33.18 210.7 Aqr 16 Oct 2021 22h47.97033m - 7.69000 deg 3.087 2.274 9.1 137.9 29.39 206.7 Aqr Vesta (4) 11 Oct 2021 14h36.40154m -11.00877 deg 2.169 3.053 7.8 23.0 78.93 110.4 Lib 16 Oct 2021 14h46.45877m -11.91329 deg 2.167 3.071 7.8 20.7 79.34 109.7 Lib Geba (6) 11 Oct 2021 19h38.42780m -22.27031 deg 2.094 1.755 9.7 95.1 44.19 99.7 Sgr 16 Oct 2021 19h44.98998m -22.49678 deg 2.085 1.804 9.7 91.6 47.79 96.6 Sgr Irida (7) 11 Oct 2021 7h24.06298m +22.24944 deg 1.895 1.642 9.3 88.2 58.01 104.5 Gem 16 Oct 2021 7h31.87642m +21.74549 deg 1.902 1.598 9.3 91.3 54.37 106.1 Gem Garmoniya (40) 11 Oct 2021 0h35.07539m - 4.65861 deg 2.163 1.180 9.5 166.2 36.91 252.6 Cet 16 Oct 2021 0h30.65863m - 4.98769 deg 2.163 1.196 9.7 161.0 33.63 255.2 Cet Yuliya (89) 11 Oct 2021 21h31.40908m + 1.70702 deg 2.082 1.326 9.9 126.5 6.85 41.1 Aqr 16 Oct 2021 21h32.49798m + 1.89049 deg 2.081 1.371 10.0 122.2 12.40 62.0 Aqr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
11 oktyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Cerera bliz Al'debarana.
12 oktyabrya, 01 chas 52 minuty - Pokrytie na 1 sekundu zvezdy HIP 42076 (6m) iz sozvezdiya Gidry asteroidom 21564 pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii.
13 oktyabrya, 03 chasa 26 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
14 oktyabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda U Kita bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
15 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,74+) prohodit yuzhnee Yupitera.
16 oktyabrya, 19 chasov 12 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,85+) zvezdy tau Vodoleya (4,1m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti strany.
17 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,9+) prohodit yuzhnee Neptuna.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 14 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 14 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 14 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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