Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 6 po 12 dekabrya 2021 goda3.12.2021 6:16 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 6 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,05+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a 7 dekabrya pri faze 0,11+ budet nahodit'sya yuzhnee Venery. 8 dekabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Monocerotidy (ZHR= 2) iz sozvezdiya Edinoroga, a Luna (F= 0,2+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 9 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,31+) budet nablyudat'sya yuzhnee Yupitera, a 11 dekabrya pri faze pervoi chetverti proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. V etot zhe den' asteroid Nysa (44) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem, a 12 dekabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Malogo Psa dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m). Krome etogo, kometa Leonard (C/2021 A1) pri bleske okolo 6m imeet dvoinuyu (utrennyuyu i vechernyuyu)vidimost'.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 11 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 05 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,48 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 11 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,01+ do 0,7+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca. 7 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,11+) sblizitsya s Veneroi, a zatem pri faze 0,14+ pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga. Zdes' Luna (F= 0,2+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna 8 dekabrya, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,31+ - yuzhnee Yupitera, perehodya zatem v sozvezdie Vodoleya. 11 dekabrya Luna v etom sozvezdii primet fazu pervoi chetverti, nahodyas' yuzhnee Neptuna, v etot zhe den' vstupiv sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,56+. 12 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,63+) dostignet sozvezdiya Kita. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, a Veneru mozhno naiti na vechernem nebe. Mars nablyudaetsya na fone utrennei zari, a Yupiter i Saturn vidny vecherom i noch'yu. Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' v nochnoe vremya. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2021 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1704127. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) s bleskom okolo 10m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Raka, a kometa Leonard (C/2021 A1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Volopasa, Zmei, Gerkulesa i Zmeenosca pri bleske okolo 6m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Cerera (7,2m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz Giad i Pleyad).
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd, nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Mikroskopa 8,8m - 11 dekabrya i R Malogo Psa 7,5m - 12 dekabrya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no ne viden. Elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli uvelichitsya do 8 gradusov k vostoku. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo -1m, a uglovye razmery - okolo 5 sekund dugi pri faze blizkoi k 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,44 do 1,41 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2021 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2021.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera vidna na fone vechernei zari pri elongacii, umen'shayusheisya do 34 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Nablyudat' planetu mozhno i dnem, tochno znaya ee gorizontal'nye koordinaty na dannyi moment vremeni. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' serp planety bez vidimyh detalei. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya ot 42 do 47 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo -4,5m pri faze umen'shayusheisya ot 0,25 do 0,18. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,4 do 0,35 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2021.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo +1,5m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,46 do 2,43 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2021.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Yupiter viden vecherom i noch'yu v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy nochnogo neba (levee Saturna). Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 37 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,21 - 5,32 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na dekabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2021.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya vecherom i noch'yu pravee Yupitera. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,7m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,45 do 10,54 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2021.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran viden v vechernee i nochnoe vremya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,89 do 18,96 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2021.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) imeet dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,80 do 29,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2021.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Dec 2021 4h05.92211m +16.88699 deg 2.739 1.767 7.2 168.3 35.84 275.1 Tau 11 Dec 2021 4h01.17607m +17.00390 deg 2.735 1.780 7.3 162.4 33.75 276.3 Tau Pallada (2) 6 Dec 2021 22h57.72365m -12.36226 deg 2.987 2.869 9.8 87.1 25.22 95.0 Aqr 11 Dec 2021 23h01.34118m -12.40802 deg 2.976 2.933 9.9 82.9 28.01 90.8 Aqr Vesta (4) 6 Dec 2021 16h36.03193m -19.16679 deg 2.154 3.135 7.5 4.6 81.55 100.5 Oph 11 Dec 2021 16h47.32726m -19.63629 deg 2.154 3.129 7.6 6.5 81.51 99.4 Oph Irida (7) 6 Dec 2021 8h08.60077m +16.90655 deg 1.996 1.189 8.4 133.0 13.03 221.6 Cnc 11 Dec 2021 8h07.01733m +16.59813 deg 2.007 1.162 8.3 138.4 17.92 242.2 Cnc Massaliya (20) 6 Dec 2021 9h31.58751m +13.60985 deg 2.069 1.475 10.0 112.9 25.17 110.9 Leo 11 Dec 2021 9h34.50183m +13.33390 deg 2.071 1.426 9.9 117.3 19.36 111.8 Leo Nysa (44) 6 Dec 2021 5h16.52164m +17.41787 deg 2.123 1.143 9.2 171.9 37.98 269.4 Tau 11 Dec 2021 5h11.28519m +17.41665 deg 2.118 1.136 9.1 174.4 38.95 270.4 Tau a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2021 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2021 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
06 dekabrya, 02 chasa 26 minut - Luna (F= 0,05+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
07 dekabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,15+) bliz Venery.
08 dekabrya, noch' - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Monocerotidy (ZHR= 2) iz sozvezdiya Edinoroga.
09 dekabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,35+) bliz Yupitera.
10 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro i vecher - Dvoinaya vidimost' komety Leonard (C/2021 A1) pri bleske okolo 6m.
11 dekabrya, 01 chas 36 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
12 dekabrya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Malogo Psa bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 9 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 9 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 9 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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