Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 21 po 27 marta 2022 goda18.03.2022 5:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 21 marta proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F=0,86-) zvezdy al'fa Vesov (2,7m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri, a 22 marta Luna (F= 0,81-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 23 marta lunnyi oval (F= 0,7-) proidet severnee Antaresa, a Merkurii proidet v 0,9 gr. yuzhnee Neptuna. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,64-) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 369761 km ot centra Zemli, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,74-) zvezdy del'ta Skorpiona (2,3m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri. 25 marta lunnyi poludisk (F= 0,47-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. Na utrennem nebe nablyudaetsya parad planet, kotoryi luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 36 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 45 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,07 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 25 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca i Kozeroga, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,9- do 0,2- i umen'shaya (s 25 marta - uvelichivaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. 21 marta lunnyi disk (F= 0,9-) pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov i probudet zdes' do 22 marta, kogda pri faze 0,77- pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona. 23 marta pri faze 0,71- lunnyi oval pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, nablyudayas' severnee Antaresa. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo probudet do 24 marta, kogda dostignet sozvezdiya Strel'ca pri faze 0,57-. V etom sozvezdii Luna primet fazu poslednei chetverti 25 marta, a zatem ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, kotorogo dostignet 26 marta pri faze okolo 0,3-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera, Mars, Yupiter, Saturn i Neptun nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, a Uran mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2022 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2019 L3) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Bliznecov pri bleske okolo 11m, a kometa P/Borrelly (19P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya pri bleske okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (8,8m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz Giad i Pleyad) i Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Kozeroga.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya, 25 marta perehodya v sozvezdie Ryb. Merkurii eshe mozhno naiti na fone utrennei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Uglovoe udalenie planety ot Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 12 do 6 gradusov. Blesk planety uvelichivaetsya ot -0,7m do -1,3m, a uglovye razmery sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi. Faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,93 do 0,98. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' krohotnyi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,33 do 1,35 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari pri elongacii okolo 47 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 24,5 do 22,5 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet menee -4,5m pri faze okolo 0,5. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,68 do 0,74 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +1m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet bolee 5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,87 do 1,83 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' na fone utrennei zari (luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah). Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 33 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,95 - 5,92 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,65 do 10,57 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran viden v vechernee vremya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,44 do 20,52 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun ne viden. Disk planety (v period vidimosti) razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom imeet znachenie okolo 30,9 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
21 Mar 2022 4h29m35.39s N23 30' 27.9" 2.657 2.840 8.8 69.3 46.56 75.5 Tau
26 Mar 2022 4h36m21.77s N23 53' 46.7" 2.653 2.899 8.8 66.0 48.53 76.6 Tau
Pallada (2)
21 Mar 2022 1h05m55.26s S 6 03' 11.1" 2.750 3.683 9.7 17.5 59.50 76.9 Cet
26 Mar 2022 1h13m43.93s S 5 36' 30.1" 2.738 3.684 9.6 15.8 60.26 77.3 Cet
Vesta (4)
21 Mar 2022 20h27m24.78s S18 58' 33.4" 2.173 2.576 7.8 55.5 70.77 80.3 Cap
26 Mar 2022 20h37m03.34s S18 34' 18.4" 2.175 2.530 7.8 58.1 69.54 79.8 Cap
Irida (7)
21 Mar 2022 7h20m52.13s N16 10' 16.9" 2.256 1.721 9.6 109.3 26.48 92.1 Gem
26 Mar 2022 7h24m57.08s N16 07' 42.8" 2.269 1.790 9.7 105.4 30.52 93.2 Gem
Gigeiya (10)
21 Mar 2022 14h40m08.33s S20 58' 00.3" 2.819 2.020 10.0 135.7 7.51 264.1 Lib
26 Mar 2022 14h38m44.60s S20 57' 19.9" 2.817 1.972 9.9 140.9 11.79 274.3 Lib
Massaliya (20)
21 Mar 2022 8h48m46.92s N16 51' 32.4" 2.151 1.371 9.7 130.0 2.90 80.6 Cnc
26 Mar 2022 8h49m44.66s N16 50' 39.7" 2.157 1.422 9.9 125.2 8.74 97.9 Cnc
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
21 marta, 18 chasov 10 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F=0,86-) zvezdy al'fa Vesov (2,7m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri.
22 marta, 08 chasov 12 minut - Luna (F= 0,81-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
23 marta, 23 chasa 43 minuty - Luna (F= 0,64-) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 369761 km ot centra Zemli.
24 marta i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Parad yarkih planet na fone utrennei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah).
25 marta, 05 chasov 38 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
26 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Cerera bliz Giad i Pleyad.
27 marta i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Venera bliz Marsa i Saturna.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 24 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 24 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 24 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 03 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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