Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 4 po 10 aprelya 2022 goda1.04.2022 7:14 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 4 aprelya Luna (F= 0,11+) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 5 aprelya Mars proidet v 0,3 gr. yuzhnee Saturna. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,15+) proidet mezhdu Giadami i Pleyadami, a takzhe proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,2+) zvezdy kappa Tel'ca (4,2m) pri vidimosti v severnyh raionah strany. 7 aprelya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,35+) zvezdy 139 Tel'ca (4,8m) pri vidimosti na bol'shei chasti strany. V etot zhe den' Luna pri faze 0,36+ dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404439 km ot centra Zemli, a 8 aprelya pri faze 0,41+ proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 10 aprelya Luna (F= 0,64+) proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). Na utrennem nebe nablyudaetsya parad planet, kotoryi luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 42 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 13 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,93 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 9 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ovna, Tel'ca, Bliznecov i Raka, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,1+ do 0,65+ i uvelichivaya (s 8 aprelya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ovna. 4 aprelya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca pri faze 0,11+. 5 aprelya lunnyi serp budet nahodit'sya mezhdu Giadami i Pleyadami pri faze okolo 0,15+, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze okolo 0,2+ proidet severnee Al'debarana (bliz Cerery). 7 aprelya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,35+) pereidet v sozvezdie Bliznecov i probudet zdes' do 9 aprelya, prinyav v etot den' fazu pervoi chetverti. Pereidya v sozvezdie Raka pri faze 0,56+, Luna proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44) 10 aprelya uzhe pri faze 0,64+. V sozvezdie L'va nochnoe svetilo vstupit 11 aprelya pri faze 0,71+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Venera, Mars, Yupiter, Saturn i Neptun nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari v konce nedeli, a Uran mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2022 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2019 L3) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Bliznecov pri bleske slabee 11m, a kometa P/Borrelly (19P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyam Perseya i Voznichego pri bleske slabee 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (8,9m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca i Vesta (7,7m) v sozvezdii Kozeroga.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb, v konce nedeli perehodya v sozvezdie Ovna. Merkurii nachinaet vechernyuyu vidimost' i mozhet byt' naiden k koncu nedeli na fone zari. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -2m do -1,5m, a uglovye razmery priderzhivayutsya 5 sekund dugi. Faza sostavlyaet okolo 0,95. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' krohotnyi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,33 do 1,26 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari v vide yarkoi zvezdy pri elongacii okolo 45 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 21 do 20 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,2m pri faze okolo 0,6. V teleskop nablyudaetsya yarkii oval bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,79 do 0,85 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari bliz Venery i Saturna. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +1m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet bolee 5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,83 do 1,79 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya (bliz Neptuna). Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' na fone utrennei zari (luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah). Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 34 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,89 - 5,84 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,49 do 10,39 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran viden v vechernee vremya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,58 do 20,63 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun ne viden. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,85 do 30,81 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
6 Apr 2022 4h52m20.75s N24 41' 45.2" 2.646 3.021 8.9 58.8 52.34 78.9 Tau
11 Apr 2022 5h00m03.20s N25 01' 42.8" 2.642 3.074 8.9 55.7 53.82 79.9 Tau
Pallada (2)
6 Apr 2022 1h31m15.81s S 4 39' 32.7" 2.711 3.673 9.6 13.6 61.78 78.2 Cet
11 Apr 2022 1h39m22.75s S 4 14' 48.6" 2.699 3.663 9.5 13.6 62.40 78.7 Cet
Vesta (4)
6 Apr 2022 20h57m28.61s S17 38' 38.4" 2.181 2.424 7.7 64.1 66.39 78.8 Cap
11 Apr 2022 21h06m22.13s S17 12' 52.9" 2.183 2.374 7.7 66.8 64.77 78.5 Cap
Irida (7)
6 Apr 2022 7h35m42.43s N15 56' 30.2" 2.298 1.948 9.9 97.2 38.19 95.3 Gem
11 Apr 2022 7h41m17.24s N15 48' 37.9" 2.311 2.020 10.0 93.6 41.12 96.2 Gem
Flora (8)
6 Apr 2022 13h42m53.12s S 0 16' 42.7" 2.528 1.542 9.8 167.4 39.63 293.8 Vir
11 Apr 2022 13h37m59.56s N 0 14' 28.8" 2.530 1.537 9.7 170.1 40.57 291.9 Vir
Gigeiya (10)
6 Apr 2022 14h33m40.17s S20 43' 48.5" 2.812 1.885 9.7 152.8 20.72 283.0 Lib
11 Apr 2022 14h30m34.99s S20 32' 14.9" 2.810 1.855 9.6 158.3 24.08 285.1 Lib
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
04 aprelya, 13 chasov 05 minut - Luna (F= 0,11+) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
05 aprelya, 19 chasov 55 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,2+) zvezdy kappa Tel'ca (4,2m) pri vidimosti v severnyh raionah strany.
06 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Parad yarkih planet na fone utrennei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah).
07 aprelya, 19 chasov 10 minut - Luna (F= 0,36+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404439 km ot centra Zemli.
08 aprelya, 08 chasov 16 minut - Luna (F= 0,41+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
09 aprelya, 00 chasov 21 minuta - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
10 aprelya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,64+) prohodit severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44)
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 7 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 7 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 7 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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