Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 28 marta po 3 aprelya 2022 goda25.03.2022 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 28 marta Luna (F= 0,17-) proidet yuzhnee Venery, Marsa, Saturna i komety P/Kopff (22P) i pri faze 0,15- dostignet maksimal'noi severnoi libracii po shirote 6,7 gradusov, a 30 marta (F= 0,03-) proidet yuzhnee Yupitera i Neptuna. 31 marta Luna (F= 0,0) dostignet maksimal'noi vostochnoi libracii po dolgote okolo 5 gradusov. 1 aprelya Luna (F= 0,0) proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya, a 2 aprelya Merkurii dostignet verhnego soedineniya s Solncem. 3 aprelya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,06+) Urana pri vidimosti v Yuzhnoi Amerike i Afrike. Na utrennem nebe nablyudaetsya parad planet, kotoryi luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 40 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 13 chasov 15 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 31,99 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 1 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Kozeroga, Vodoleya, Ryb i Ovna, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,2- do 0,1+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kozeroga. 28 marta stareyushii mesyac pri faze 0,17- budet nablyudat'sya na utrennem nebe yuzhnee Venery, Marsa, Saturna i komety P/Kopff (22P). V etot zhe den' Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya pri faze 0,13-. 30 marta serp Luny (F= 0,03-) proidet yuzhnee Yupitera i Neptuna, pereidya v etot zhe den' v sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,01-. 31 marta Luna peresechet granicu s sozvezdiem Kita i zakonchit zdes' svoi put' po nebu marta. Fazu novoluniya Luna primet 1 aprelya, pereidya v etot zhe den' v sozvezdie Ryb. Sozvezdiya Ovna molodoi mesyac dostignet 3 aprelya pri faze 0,03+. Zdes' Luna v etot den' proidet yuzhnee Urana pri faze 0,06+ (pokrytie, vidimoe v Yuzhnoi Amerike i Afrike). Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera, Mars, Yupiter, Saturn i Neptun nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, a Uran mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2022 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2019 L3) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Bliznecov pri bleske okolo 11m, a kometa P/Borrelly (19P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Perseya pri bleske okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (8,8m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca i Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Kozeroga.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Merkurii ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v verhnee soedinenie s Solncem 2 aprelya i perehodit s utrennego na vechernee nebo. Blesk planety uvelichivaetsya ot -1,3m do -2m, a uglovye razmery sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi. Faza priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 0,99. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' krohotnyi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,35 do 1,33 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, v konce nedeli perehodya v sozvezdie Vodoleya. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari pri elongacii okolo 46 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 22,5 do 21 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo 4,2m pri faze okolo 0,55. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,74 do 0,79 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari bliz Venery i Saturna. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +1m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet bolee 5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,83 do 1,79 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya (bliz Neptuna). Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' na fone utrennei zari (luchshe vsego viden v yuzhnyh shirotah). Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet bolee 33 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,92 - 5,89 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mart i KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Venery i Marsa. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,57 do 10,49 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran viden v vechernee vremya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,52 do 20,58 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun ne viden. Disk planety (v period vidimosti) razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,89 do 30,85 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
26 Mar 2022 4h36m21.77s N23 53' 46.7" 2.653 2.899 8.8 66.0 48.53 76.6 Tau
31 Mar 2022 4h43m27.11s N24 16' 12.6" 2.650 2.956 8.8 62.7 50.36 77.6 Tau
Pallada (2)
26 Mar 2022 1h13m43.93s S 5 36' 30.1" 2.738 3.684 9.6 15.8 60.26 77.3 Cet
31 Mar 2022 1h21m38.62s S 5 10' 15.0" 2.726 3.681 9.6 14.5 60.99 77.7 Cet
Vesta (4)
26 Mar 2022 20h37m03.34s S18 34' 18.4" 2.175 2.530 7.8 58.1 69.54 79.8 Cap
31 Mar 2022 20h46m28.74s S18 09' 17.6" 2.178 2.482 7.8 60.8 68.18 79.3 Cap
Irida (7)
26 Mar 2022 7h24m57.08s N16 07' 42.8" 2.269 1.790 9.7 105.4 30.52 93.2 Gem
31 Mar 2022 7h29m33.49s N16 03' 37.0" 2.282 1.861 9.8 101.6 34.21 94.2 Gem
Gigeiya (10)
26 Mar 2022 14h38m44.60s S20 57' 19.9" 2.817 1.972 9.9 140.9 11.79 274.3 Lib
31 Mar 2022 14h36m45.61s S20 53' 15.0" 2.815 1.929 9.8 146.2 16.04 279.3 Lib
Massaliya (20)
26 Mar 2022 8h49m44.66s N16 50' 39.7" 2.157 1.422 9.9 125.2 8.74 97.9 Cnc
31 Mar 2022 8h51m29.61s N16 46' 32.2" 2.163 1.475 10.0 120.7 14.48 101.3 Cnc
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii marta i aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mart, KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
28 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,2-) bliz Venery, Marsa, Saturna i komety P/Kopff (22P).
29 marta i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Parad yarkih planet na fone utrennei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah).
30 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,05-) bliz Yupitera i Neptuna.
31 marta i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Gonchih Psov okolo maksimuma bleska (6m).
01 aprelya, 06 chasov 26 minut - Novolunie.
02 aprelya, 23 chasa 05 minut - Merkurii v verhnem soedinenii s Solncem.
03 aprelya, 17 chasov 51 minuta - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,06+) Urana pri vidimosti v Yuzhnoi Amerike i Afrike.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 31 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 31 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 31 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 03 i 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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