Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 28 fevralya po 6 marta 2022 goda25.02.2022 5:31 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 1 marta Luna (F= 0,03-) budet nablyudat'sya bliz Merkuriya i Saturna, a 2 marta Merkurii proidet v 0,7 gr. yuzhnee Saturna. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,0) proidet yuzhnee Yupitera, a 3 marta pri faze 0,01+ - yuzhnee Neptuna. 5 marta Yupiter vstupit v soedinenie s Solncem, a 6 marta Venera proidet v 4,5 gr. severnee Marsa.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 28 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 11 chasov 05 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya do 32,25 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 2 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Kozeroga, Vodoleya, Ryb i Ovna, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,1- do 0,2+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kozeroga. V etom sozvezdii Luna zakonchit svoi put' po zimnemu nebu okolo fazy 0,05- nablyudayas' na utrennem nebe yuzhnee Saturna i Merkuriya. Fazu novoluniya Luna primet 2 marta uzhe v sozvezdii Vodoleya, gde pri faze 0,0 proidet yuzhnee Yupitera. Na sleduyushii den', uvelichiv fazu do 0,01+ molodoi mesyac proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, preidya zatem v sozvezdie Ryb uzhe pri faze 0,02+. Nedolgo probyv v yuzhnoi chasti sozvezdiya Ryb, 4 marta Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Kita (F= 0,04+), a 5 marta snova peresechet granicu s sozvezdiem Ryb pri faze 0,07+. Sozvezdiya Ovna molodoi mesyac dostignet 6 marta pri faze 0,17+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera, Mars i Saturn nablyudayutsya na fone utrennei zari, Yupiter i Neptun ne vidny, a Uran mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2022 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica ATLAS (C/2019 L3) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Bliznecov pri bleske okolo 10m, a Kometa P/Borrelly (19P) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Ovna pri bleske okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na fevral', KN na mart, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (8,6m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz Giad i Pleyad) i Vesta (7,8m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone utrennei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Uglovoe udalenie planety ot Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 24 do 21 gradusa. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 0m, uglovye razmery umen'shayutsya ot 5,9 do 5,5 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,75 do 0,82. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' krohotnyi oval bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,14 do 1,22 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari pri elongacii 46 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 32 do 29 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet okolo -4,5m pri faze, vozrastayushei ot 0,37 do 0,42. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,52 do 0,57 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, 5 marta perehodya v sozvezdie Kozeroga. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo +1,2m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,0 do 1,96 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Yupiter ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v soedinenie s Solncem 5 marta. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 33 sekund dugi pri bleske -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli okolo 5,97 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na fevral' i KN na mart. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,83 do 10,78 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran viden v vechernee vremya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,16 do 20,26 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun ne viden. Disk planety (v period vidimosti) razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,88 do 30,90 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Mar 2022 4h06m06.82s N21 51' 38.2" 2.672 2.593 8.6 83.7 36.82 70.2 Tau 6 Mar 2022 4h11m23.09s N22 16' 49.1" 2.668 2.656 8.7 79.9 39.59 71.7 Tau Pallada (2) 1 Mar 2022 0h35m43.84s S 7 51' 24.7" 2.797 3.643 9.8 27.1 56.02 76.1 Cet 6 Mar 2022 0h43m06.69s S 7 24' 25.2" 2.786 3.659 9.8 24.4 56.99 76.2 Cet Vesta (4) 1 Mar 2022 19h46m52.22s S20 23' 17.4" 2.165 2.746 7.8 45.1 74.92 83.0 Sgr 6 Mar 2022 19h57m17.02s S20 04' 22.9" 2.166 2.706 7.8 47.7 73.99 82.3 Sgr Irida (7) 1 Mar 2022 7h10m55.94s N16 07' 53.5" 2.203 1.462 9.1 126.8 6.26 77.5 Gem 6 Mar 2022 7h12m19.90s N16 10' 04.7" 2.216 1.523 9.2 122.2 11.89 85.6 Gem Massaliya (20) 1 Mar 2022 8h53m19.48s N16 21' 28.0" 2.128 1.207 9.2 151.1 22.46 289.0 Cnc 6 Mar 2022 8h50m55.27s N16 34' 01.7" 2.134 1.241 9.4 145.5 16.44 290.1 Cnc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii fevralya i marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na fevral', KN na mart, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
28 fevralya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Cerera bliz Giad i Pleyad.
01 marta, utro - Luna (F= 0,03-) bliz Merkuriya i Saturna.
02 marta, 17 chasov 35 minut - Novolunie.
03 marta, vecher - Luna (F= 0,01+) prohodit yuzhnee Neptuna.
04 marta i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Vesta bliz Marsa i Venery.
05 marta, 12 chasov 52 minuty - Yupiter v soedinenii s Solncem.
06 marta, utro - Venera prohodit v 4,5 gr. severnee Marsa
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 3 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 3 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 3 marta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 02 i 03 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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