Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 18 po 24 iyulya 2022 goda15.07.2022 11:08 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 18 iyulya Luna (F= 0,76-) prohodit yuzhnee Neptuna, a 19 iyulya pri faze 0,66- - yuzhnee Yupitera. 21 iyulya Luna (F= 0,4-) pokroet Mars pri vidimosti v vostochnoi chasti strany, a 22 iyulya pri faze 0,34- pokroet Uran pri vidimosti v Yuzhnoi Amerike i Afrike, a takzhe pri dnevnoi vidimosti v yuzhnoi chasti Rossii. 22 iyulya Luna (F= 0,33-) dostignet voshodyashego uzla svoei orbity. Na utrennem nebe nablyudaetsya parad planet. Krome etogo, na sumerechnom nebe srednih shirot strany vozmozhno poyavlenie serebristyh oblakov.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya ot 55 do 53 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 16 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 31,47 do 31,49 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, 20 iyulya perehodya v sozvezdie Raka. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 20 iyulya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vodoleya, Ryb, Ovna i Tel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,75- do 0,12- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vodoleya. Zdes' 18 iyulya Luna (F= 0,76-) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, a pri faze 0,74- pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb. V etot zhe den' lunnyi oval pri faze 0,68- pereidet v sozvezdie Kita, gde na sleduyushii den' proidet yuzhnee Yupitera pri faze 0,66-. 19 iyulya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,6-) eshe raz peresechet granicu sozvezdiya Ryb, gde probudet do 21 iyulya, prinyav 20 iyulya fazu poslednei chetverti. Pereidya v sozvezdie Ovna, Luna pri faze 0,4- pokroet zdes' Mars (vidimost' v vostochnoi chasti strany). V etom zhe sozvezdii 22 iyulya lunnyi serp 0,34- pokroet Uran (vidimost' v Yuzhnoi Amerike i Afrike, a takzhe dnevnaya vidimost' v yuzhnoi chasti Rossii). Pereidya v sozvezdie Tel'ca 22 iyulya (F= 0,3-), lunnyi serp 23 iyulya pri faze 0,22- budet nahodit'sya mezhdu Gidami i Pleyadami. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, Venera vidna na utrennem nebe, a Mars, Yupiter, Saturn, Uran i Neptun nablyudayutsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca pri raschetnom bleske okolo 7m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyul', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,3m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Raka. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no ne viden. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -2m do -1,1m, uglovye razmery sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza okolo 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,33 do 1,32 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca, 18 iyulya perehodya v sozvezdie Bliznecov. Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari v vide yarkoi zvezdy pri zapadnoi elongacii, umen'shayusheisya ot 26 do 24 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 11 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze okolo 0,9. V teleskop nablyudaetsya yarkii oval bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,49 do 1,53 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Mars viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,2m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 8 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk s krupnymi detalyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,21 do 1,17 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kita. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 44 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,5m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,58 - 4,46 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyul'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr - bolee 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 8,98 do 8,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 20,08 do 19,95 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na nochnom i utrennem nebe, a luchshe vsego ego nablyudat' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,41 do 29,29 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Jul 2022 08h06m37.42s +25 07' 07.7" 2.582 3.594 8.4 4.8 66.90 98.7 Cnc 26 Jul 2022 08h16m19.02s +24 45' 37.8" 2.580 3.590 8.4 5.3 67.02 99.5 Cnc Pallada (2) 21 Jul 2022 04h37m21.51s -02 30' 45.4" 2.455 2.897 9.4 54.8 68.78 99.8 Eri 26 Jul 2022 04h46m24.27s -02 55' 54.4" 2.444 2.843 9.4 57.0 68.74 101.3 Ori Yunona (3) 21 Jul 2022 23h18m11.17s +01 54' 32.6" 2.454 1.709 9.2 126.6 7.12 125.8 Psc 26 Jul 2022 23h18m46.23s +01 43' 22.9" 2.440 1.648 9.1 131.3 7.19 169.2 Psc Vesta (4) 21 Jul 2022 22h41m20.89s -15 47' 17.5" 2.259 1.373 6.4 141.5 20.27 211.4 Aqr 26 Jul 2022 22h39m38.64s -16 23' 54.1" 2.263 1.345 6.3 146.7 24.79 219.8 Aqr Metida (9) 21 Jul 2022 20h04m03.83s -27 26' 46.8" 2.583 1.572 9.6 173.1 37.40 253.1 Sgr 26 Jul 2022 19h58m44.53s -27 47' 56.3" 2.579 1.571 9.7 170.4 36.84 255.0 Sgr Irena (14) 21 Jul 2022 18h49m28.99s -28 20' 25.2" 2.619 1.633 10.0 162.2 30.86 254.9 Sgr 26 Jul 2022 18h45m13.97s -28 35' 55.2" 2.628 1.664 10.1 156.6 27.23 255.8 Sgr Nausikaa (192) 21 Jul 2022 20h16m46.62s -29 03' 09.8" 2.123 1.113 9.4 170.7 37.81 267.0 Sgr 26 Jul 2022 20h11m01.40s -29 06' 07.4" 2.109 1.101 9.4 170.2 38.72 270.1 Sgr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyulya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyul', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
18 iyulya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,76-) bliz Neptuna.
19 iyulya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,66-) bliz Yupitera.
20 iyulya, 14 chasov 18 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
21 iyulya, utro - Luna (F= 0,4-) bliz Marsa (pokrytie, vidimoe v vostochnoi chasti strany).
22 iyulya, 09 chasov 21 minuta - Luna (F= 0,33-) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
23 iyulya, i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov v srednih shirotah strany.
24 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) bliz sharovogo zvezdnogo skopleniya M10.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 21 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 21 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 21 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 07 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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