Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 19 po 25 sentyabrya 2022 goda16.09.2022 7:44 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 19 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,35-) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404557 km ot centra Zemli, a 21 sentyabrya pri faze 0,19- proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 23 sentyabrya nastupit osennee ravnodenstvie. V etot den' v 01 chas 04 minuty po vsemirnomu vremeni Solnce, dvigayas' po ekliptike (v sozvezdii Devy), dostignet tochki nebesnoi sfery s koordinatami 12 chasov po pryamomu voshozhdeniyu i 0 gradusov po skloneniyu, peresechet nebesnyi ekvator i pereidet iz severnogo polushariya neba v yuzhnoe. V den' osennego ravnodenstviya Solnce na vsei Zemle voshodit tochno na vostoke, a zahodit tochno na zapade (den' stanovitsya raven nochi). Nastupaet astronomicheskaya osen' v severnom polusharii Zemli i vesna - v yuzhnom. Na polyusah Zemli Solnce matematicheski dvizhetsya tochno po gorizontu v techenie sutok, hotya blagodarya refrakcii, pripodnimayushei vse svetila nad gorizontom, fakticheski ono dvizhetsya vyshe gorizonta na velichinu refrakcii - okolo polgradusa. Po etoi zhe prichine vo vremya osennego (kak i vesennego) ravnodenstviya den' vse-taki nemnogo dlinnee nochi. Posle dnya osennego ravnodenstviya poludennaya vysota Solnca budet umen'shat'sya vplot' do dnya zimnego solncestoyaniya, preodolev chetvert' svoego puti po zodiakal'nym sozvezdiyam i po orbite vokrug Solnca. Iz drugih yavlenii 23 sentyabrya Merkurii dostignet nizhnego soedineniya s Solncem, a Luna (F= 0,07-) proidet severnee Regula. 25 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,01-) proidet severnee Venery i Merkuriya.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya ot 36 do 33 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 31,83 do 31,90 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 25 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Bliznecov, Raka, L'va i Devy, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,4- do 0 i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Bliznecov. Zdes' lunnyi serp probudet do 20 sentyabrya. V etot den' Luna (F= 0,25-) vstupit v sozvezdie Raka, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,19- proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 22 sentyabrya tonkii staryi mesyac 0,13- pereidet v sozvezdie L'va. 23 sentyabrya Luna proidet severnee Regula pri faze 0,07-. 25 sentyabrya lunnyi serp (F= 0,01-) pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, nahodyas' severnee Venery i Merkuriya. V etot zhe den' Luna vstupit v fazu novoluniya i pereidet na vechernee nebo. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, Venera vidna na fone utrennei zari, Mars i Uran nablyudayutsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe, Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem i nochnom nebe, a Yupiter i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona i Volka pri raschetnom bleske okolo 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,4m) v sozvezdiyah Vodoleya i Kozeroga.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii 23 sentyabrya vstupit v nizhnee soedinenie s Solncem i pereidet na utrennee nebo. Bystraya planeta k koncu nedeli uvelichivaet uglovoe rasstoyanie ot Solnca do 6 gradusov. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo 4m, uglovye razmery priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 10 sekund dugi, a faza k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 0,02. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,65 do 0,67 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu L'va, 24 sentyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Devy. Venera vidna v luchah voshodyashego Solnca vide yarkoi zvezdy pri zapadnoi elongacii, umen'shayusheisya ot 9 do 7 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze okolo 1. V teleskop nablyudaetsya yarkii disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,69 do 1,70 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz Giad. Mars viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet -0,4m, a vidimyi diametr dostigaet 11,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk s detalyami na poverhnosti planety. Idet naibolee blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa v 2022 godu. Zarisovki i fotografirovanie planety prinesut horoshii rezul'tat pri nablyudenii v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,85 do 0,81 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' pochti vsyu noch'. Idet naibolee blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii planety v 2022 godu. Uglovoi diametr Yupitera sostavlyaet okolo 50 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -3m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 3,96 - 3,95 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya vecherom i noch'yu. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,04 do 9,11 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran nahoditsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 19,06 do 18,97 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 28,91 do 28,92 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
21 Sep 2022 10h02m33.45s +18 58' 17.9" 2.560 3.352 8.8 32.2 65.22 105.8 Leo
26 Sep 2022 10h11m21.07s +18 22' 16.1" 2.558 3.315 8.8 34.9 64.74 106.1 Leo
Pallada (2)
21 Sep 2022 06h21m18.05s -12 06' 24.8" 2.319 2.218 8.9 82.9 62.23 123.4 CMa
26 Sep 2022 06h28m17.50s -13 16' 17.4" 2.309 2.166 8.9 85.2 60.87 125.9 CMa
Yunona (3)
21 Sep 2022 22h50m56.87s -06 45' 43.6" 2.285 1.304 8.1 163.8 38.65 220.6 Aqr
26 Sep 2022 22h47m46.76s -07 43' 16.1" 2.272 1.312 8.2 157.8 35.57 218.5 Aqr
Vesta (4)
21 Sep 2022 21h56m42.40s -22 33' 42.7" 2.318 1.425 6.4 144.7 17.02 258.8 Cap
26 Sep 2022 21h54m38.76s -22 38' 13.5" 2.323 1.467 6.6 139.5 11.63 267.6 Cap
Bamberga (324)
21 Sep 2022 03h44m13.81s +36 11' 10.7" 1.792 1.124 9.8 114.6 41.56 38.6 Per
26 Sep 2022 03h48m14.09s +37 14' 37.8" 1.799 1.094 9.7 118.1 36.52 32.6 Per
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
19 sentyabrya, 14 chasov 45 minut - Luna (F= 0,35-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404557 km ot centra Zemli.
20 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Mars bliz Giad.
21 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,19-) prohodit severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
22 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2017 K2) bliz Antaresa.
23 sentyabrya, 01 chas 04 minuty - Osennee ravnodenstvie.
24 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,04-) bliz Regula.
25 sentyabrya, 21 chas 53 minuty - Novolunie.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 22 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 22 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 22 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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