Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 31 oktyabrya po 6 noyabrya 2022 goda28.10.2022 7:31 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 1 noyabrya - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti, 1 noyabrya - Luna (F= 0,55+) prohodit yuzhnee Saturna, 4 noyabrya - Luna (F= 0,82+) prohodit yuzhnee Neptuna, 4 noyabrya - Luna (F= 0,86+) prohodit yuzhnee Yupitera. Krome etogo kometa ZTF (C/2020 V2) vsyu nedelyu nablyudaetsya bliz zvezdy al'fa Bol'shoi Medvedicy, a Mars - bliz Krabovidnoi tumannosti.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya ot 20 do 18 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,21 do 32,27 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 1 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,35+ do 0,97+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca. Zdes' lunnyi serp budet nahodit'sya do 31 oktyabrya, kogda pri faze 0,42+ pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga i zakonchit zdes' svoi put' po nebu oktyabrya. V pervyi den' noyabrya nochnoe svetilo vstupit v fazu pervoi chetverti, a zatem proidet yuzhnee proidet yuzhnee Saturna pri faze 0,55+. 2 noyabrya lunnyi oval (F= 0,64+) pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya, gde 4 noyabrya pri faze 0,82+ proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. V etot zhe den' yarkaya Luna (F= 0,86+) pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, proidya zdes' yuzhnee Yupitera. 5 noyabrya lunnyi oval (F= 0,90+) pereidet v sozvezdie Kita, a 6 noyabrya eshe raz vstupit v sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,93+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera ne vidny, Mars nablyudaetsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe, Yupiter, Saturn i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem i nochnom nebe, a Uran viden vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ZTF (C/2020 V2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Bol'shoi Medvedicy (bliz zvezdy al'fa etogo sozvezdiya) pri bleske okolo 11m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr' i KN na noyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,3m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Ezhednevnyi obzor yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy, 3 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov. Merkurii nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 6 do 1 gradusa k zapadu ot Solnca. Blesk planety uvelichivaetsya ot -1,0m do -1,3m, uglovye razmery sostavlyayut 5 sekund dugi, a faza priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,39 do 1,43 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Venera ne vidna, t.k. nahoditsya bliz soedineniya Solncem. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya ot 2 do 4 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze okolo 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 1,71 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz Krabovidnoi tumannosti (M1). Mars viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Blesk planety uvelichivaetsya ot -1,2m do -1,3m, a vidimyi diametr dostigaet 15,7 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk s detalyami na poverhnosti planety. Idet naibolee blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa v 2022 godu. Zarisovki i fotografirovanie planety prinesut horoshii rezul'tat pri nablyudenii v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,62 do 0,59 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Idet naibolee blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii planety v 2022 godu. Uglovoi diametr Yupitera sostavlyaet okolo 47 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,13 - 4,20 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya vecherom i noch'yu. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,61 do 9,73 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran nahoditsya na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 18,70 do 18,69 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,20 do 29,29 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Nov 2022 11h11m06.89s +14 06' 24.7" 2.551 2.981 8.7 55.4 58.91 106.3 Leo 6 Nov 2022 11h18m49.81s +13 33' 41.9" 2.551 2.926 8.7 58.4 57.68 106.1 Leo Pallada (2) 1 Nov 2022 07h06m17.90s -22 35' 32.9" 2.244 1.823 8.4 101.6 45.81 150.4 CMa 6 Nov 2022 07h09m21.43s -23 54' 28.1" 2.236 1.780 8.4 103.9 42.99 155.3 CMa Yunona (3) 1 Nov 2022 22h43m01.29s -12 06' 28.0" 2.184 1.518 8.8 119.4 16.36 114.8 Aqr 6 Nov 2022 22h45m20.68s -12 17' 23.9" 2.172 1.561 8.9 114.8 20.48 100.6 Aqr Vesta (4) 1 Nov 2022 22h01m15.29s -20 50' 26.3" 2.359 1.873 7.3 106.7 27.61 58.4 Aqr 6 Nov 2022 22h04m48.55s -20 20' 24.8" 2.364 1.938 7.4 102.7 31.62 59.8 Aqr Euterpe (27) 1 Nov 2022 03h23m39.35s +16 13' 23.6" 2.034 1.058 9.2 165.3 33.42 256.8 Ari 6 Nov 2022 03h19m01.46s +15 58' 06.8" 2.027 1.041 9.0 171.4 36.50 257.0 Ari Thyra (115) 1 Nov 2022 03h25m28.55s +41 50' 55.8" 1.921 1.000 9.8 149.3 27.40 269.0 Per 6 Nov 2022 03h20m26.74s +41 46' 07.0" 1.922 0.986 9.7 152.8 30.85 259.1 Per Bamberga (324) 1 Nov 2022 03h43m53.93s +42 16' 43.4" 1.868 0.955 9.0 147.0 26.68 282.9 Per 6 Nov 2022 03h39m03.33s +42 24' 46.4" 1.880 0.951 9.0 150.8 29.38 271.2 Per Dembowska (349) 1 Nov 2022 04h51m43.93s +28 38' 31.5" 2.730 1.873 10.0 142.8 20.45 291.7 Tau 6 Nov 2022 04h48m36.38s +28 53' 05.5" 2.734 1.840 9.9 148.3 24.23 285.8 Tau a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya i noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', KN na noyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
31 oktyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Mars bliz Krabovidnoi tumannosti (M1).
01 noyabrya, 06 chasov 37 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
02 noyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,6+) bliz Saturna.
03 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa ZTF (C/2020 V2) bliz zvezdy al'fa Bol'shoi Medvedicy.
04 noyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,85+) bliz Neptuna.
05 noyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,91+) bliz Yupitera.
06 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Saturn bliz zvezdy iota Kozeroga
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 3 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 3 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 3 noyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 10 i 11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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