Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 19 po 25 dekabrya 2022 goda16.12.2022 9:31 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 20 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,15-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 21 dekabrya Merkurii dostignet maksimal'noi vostochnoi (vechernei) elongacii 20 gradusov. V etot zhe den' nastupit zimnee solncestoyanie, a Luna (F= 0,03-) proidet severnee Antaresa. 22 dekabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Ursidy (ZHR= 10) iz sozvezdiya Maloi Medvedicy, a 23 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,01+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 24 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,02+) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 358270 km ot centra Zemli (bliz Merkuriya i Venery). Krome etogo, dlya lyubitel'skih teleskopov dostupny dve komety (ZTF (C/2020 V2) i ZTF (C/2022 E3)), kotorye postepenno uvelichivayut blesk.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 11 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 07 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,50 do 32,52 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 23 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca i Kozeroga, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,24- do 0,1+ i umen'shaya (s 23 dekabrya - uvelichivaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. 19 dekabrya lunnyi serp pri faze 0,18- pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov. 21 dekabrya tonkii mesyac (F= 0,07-) pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona, a pri faze 0,04- - v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, nablyudayas' severnee Antaresa. V etom sozvezdii lunnyi serp budet nahodit'sya do 23 dekabrya, kogda pri faze 0,01- pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca. V etom sozvezdii Luna primet fazu novoluniya i probudet zdes' do 25 dekabrya. 24 dekabrya molodoi mesyac pri faze 0,02+ proidet yuzhnee Venery i Merkuriya, a zatem (uzhe 25 dekabrya) pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga, uvelichiv fazu do 0,05+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera imeyut vechernyuyu vidimost' (luchshie usloviya v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Mars i Uran nablyudayutsya vsyu noch', Yupiter i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem i nochnom nebe, a Saturn viden po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488 . Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ZTF (C/2020 V2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Zhirafa i Cefeya pri bleske okolo 10m. Kometa ZTF (C/2022 E3) takzhe pri bleske okolo 9m nahoditsya v sozvezdii Severnoi Korony. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budut Pallada (7,8m) v sozvezdii Bol'shogo Psa i Vesta (8,0m) v sozvezdii Vodoleya.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Ezhednevnyi obzor yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari (luchshe vsego planeta vidna v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Maksimal'noi elongacii Merkurii dostignet 21 dekabrya, uvelichiv uglovoe rasstoyanie k vostoku ot Solnca do 20 gradusov. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -0,5m do -0,1m, uglovye razmery uvelichivayutsya ot 6 do 8 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,69 do 0,44. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,06 do 0,89 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera vidna na fone vechernei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh raionah strany). Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 16 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze menee 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,64 do 1,62 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Mars viden vsyu noch', nahodyas' okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -1,6m do -1,4m, a vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 16,2 do 15,4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk s detalyami na poverhnosti planety. Idet naibolee blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa v 2022 godu. Zarisovki i fotografirovanie planety prinesut horoshii rezul'tat pri nablyudenii v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,58 do 0,61 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii planety v 2022 godu. Uglovoi diametr Yupitera sostavlyaet okolo 40 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,4m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,80 - 4,92 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na dekabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya po vecheram. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,38 do 10,47 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,92 do 19,01 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,97 do 30,09 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Dec 2022 12h18m37.07s N10 03' 48.8" 2.549 2.377 8.4 88.6 40.04 98.1 Vir 26 Dec 2022 12h23m48.11s N 9 54' 03.4" 2.550 2.313 8.3 92.3 37.01 96.1 Vir Pallada (2) 21 Dec 2022 7h04m23.18s S32 03' 56.0" 2.175 1.486 7.8 122.1 24.79 254.0 CMa 26 Dec 2022 7h00m33.53s S32 10' 52.8" 2.169 1.466 7.8 123.5 26.38 269.8 CMa Yunona (3) 21 Dec 2022 23h32m53.54s S 9 57' 55.5" 2.080 1.991 9.4 81.1 57.13 72.2 Aqr 26 Dec 2022 23h40m24.27s S 9 21' 35.3" 2.072 2.039 9.5 78.0 60.11 71.5 Aqr Vesta (4) 21 Dec 2022 22h54m35.52s S14 07' 48.7" 2.407 2.543 8.0 70.9 55.33 63.4 Aqr 26 Dec 2022 23h01m27.62s S13 17' 52.1" 2.412 2.607 8.0 67.7 56.98 63.5 Aqr Geba (6) 21 Dec 2022 8h55m31.13s N 8 38' 59.1" 2.393 1.600 9.4 134.3 17.94 309.4 Cnc 26 Dec 2022 8h53m21.96s N 9 04' 22.4" 2.404 1.566 9.3 140.0 24.00 306.1 Cnc Euterpe (27) 21 Dec 2022 2h46m04.34s N14 35' 39.6" 1.976 1.156 9.8 134.8 4.61 304.5 Ari 26 Dec 2022 2h46m06.52s N14 43' 25.4" 1.972 1.192 9.9 129.7 5.68 34.4 Ari Bamberga (324) 21 Dec 2022 3h05m14.31s N37 26' 48.8" 2.010 1.146 9.6 141.3 24.22 180.5 Per 26 Dec 2022 3h05m49.95s N36 40' 26.4" 2.027 1.193 9.8 137.1 23.89 165.3 Per a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
19 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa ZTF (C/2022 E3) bliz zvezdy epsilon Severnoi Korony.
20 dekabrya, 01 chas 36 minut - Luna (F= 0,15-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
21 dekabrya, 21 chas 48 minut - Zimnee solncestoyanie.
22 dekabrya, noch' - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Ursidy (ZHR= 10) iz sozvezdiya Maloi Medvedicy.
23 dekabrya, 10 chasov 16 minut - Novolunie.
24 dekabrya, 08 chasov 29 minut - Luna (F= 0,02+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 358270 km ot centra Zemli.
25 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Merkurii bliz Venery.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 22 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 22 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 22 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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