Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 3 po 9 aprelya 2023 goda31.03.2023 11:32 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 6 aprelya Luna (F= 0,99-) proidet severnee Spiki, a 7 aprelya Luna (F= 0,98-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. Krome etogo, dlya lyubitel'skih teleskopov dostupny dve komety (ZTF (C/2020 V2) i ZTF (C/2022 E3)).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 39 do 42 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 13 chasov 50 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,01 do 31,95 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 6 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov i Skorpiona, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,9+ do 0,84- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 4 aprelya lunnyi disk pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, uvelichiv fazu do 0,97+. Zdes' 6 aprelya Luna primet fazu polnoluniya (nablyudayas' vsyu noch') i proidet severnee Spiki. Zatem lunnyi disk ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Vesov, v kotoroe voidet 7 aprelya pri faze 0,97-. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo probudet do 9 aprelya, kogda pri faze 0,88- vstupit v sozvezdie Skorpiona. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari, Yupiter zakanchivaet vechernyuyu vidimost', a Mars nablyudaetsya pervuyu polovinu nochi. Veneru i Uran mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram, a Saturn v utrennee vremya. Neptun viden v yuzhnyh shirotah na utrennem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ZTF (C/2020 V2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Treugol'nika pri bleske okolo 10m. Kometa ZTF (C/2022 E3) pri bleske slabee 10m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Eridana. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Cerera (7m) v sozvezdii Volos Veroniki.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb, 3 aprelya perehodya v sozvezdie Ovna. Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya bystroi planety za nedelyu uvelichivaetsya ot 16 do 18 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -0,9m do -0,1m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 7 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,73 do 0,47. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,10 do 0,92 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna, 7 aprelya perehodya v sozvezdie Tel'ca. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, postepenno sblizhayas' s rasseyannym zvezdnym skopleniem Pleyady. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 39 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet bolee 14 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze okolo 0,75. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,18 do 1,13 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Mars viden pervuyu polovinu nochi. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo +1,0m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 6 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk s krupnymi detalyami na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,47 do 1,54 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Yupiter zakanchivaet vidimost', ischezaya v luchah zahodyashego Solnca. Uglovoi diametr Yupitera sostavlyaet okolo 33 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,94 - 5,95 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu vidimost'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet okolo +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,56 do 10,48 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na vechernem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,48 do 20,54 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na utrennem nebe v yuzhnyh shirotah. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,86 do 30,82 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Apr 2023 12h14m33.85s N16 17' 49.2" 2.574 1.632 7.1 155.2 29.95 277.1 Com 11 Apr 2023 12h10m41.95s N16 22' 23.6" 2.577 1.655 7.2 150.8 27.25 271.4 Com Pallada (2) 6 Apr 2023 7h11m22.23s S 2 31' 16.4" 2.139 1.827 8.4 93.7 68.67 49.5 Mon 11 Apr 2023 7h18m32.16s S 1 05' 11.4" 2.141 1.878 8.5 90.8 69.14 53.1 Mon Yunona (3) 6 Apr 2023 2h57m30.48s N 7 53' 30.9" 1.985 2.790 9.7 29.8 87.02 74.1 Cet 11 Apr 2023 3h08m46.03s N 8 40' 16.0" 1.986 2.815 9.7 27.9 87.32 74.8 Cet Vesta (4) 6 Apr 2023 1h40m55.64s N 5 10' 05.7" 2.498 3.473 8.2 10.8 68.31 67.8 Psc 11 Apr 2023 1h49m21.78s N 6 01' 07.4" 2.501 3.487 8.2 8.5 68.25 68.3 Psc Irida (7) 6 Apr 2023 14h44m05.19s S21 44' 07.3" 2.923 2.014 10.0 149.9 26.94 286.3 Lib 11 Apr 2023 14h40m13.73s S21 27' 07.2" 2.925 1.983 9.9 155.6 30.57 287.8 Lib a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
03 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Kometa ZTF (C/2022 E3) bliz zvezdy beta Oriona.
04 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Venera bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady.
05 aprelya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,99+) bliz Spiki.
06 aprelya, 04 chasa 36 minut - Polnolunie.
07 aprelya, 13 chasov 50 minut - Luna (F= 0,98-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
08 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Kometa ZTF (C/2020 V2) bliz zvezdy al'fa Treugol'nika.
09 aprelya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,85-) bliz Antaresa.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 6 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 6 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 6 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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