Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 10 po 16 aprelya 2023 goda7.04.2023 13:45 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 10 aprelya Luna (F= 0,82-) proidet severnee Antaresa. 11 aprelya Merkurii dostignet maksimal'noi vostochnoi (vechernei) elongacii 19 gradusov, a Yupiter vstupit v soedinenie s Solncem. 12 aprelya Luna (F= 0,64-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 16 aprelya Luna (F= 0,21-) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 367967 km ot centra Zemli, a pri faze 0,2- proidet yuzhnee Saturna.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 42 do 44 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 14 chasov 15 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 31,95 do 31,88 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 13 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,84- do 0,13- i umen'shaya (s 11 aprelya - uvelichivaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Skorpiona. 10 aprelya lunnyi oval (F= 0,82-) proidet severnee Antaresa, v etot zhe den' vstupiv v sozvezdie Zmeenosca pri faze 0,79-. Na sleduyushii den' Luna (F= 0,71-) pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca. V etom sozvezdii Luna primet fazu poslednei chetverti 13 aprelya, v etot zhe den' pereidya v sozvezdie Kozeroga pri faze 0,46-. 15 aprelya stareyushii serp (F= 0,25-) vstupit v sozvezdie Vodoleya, a 16 aprelya pri faze 0,2- proidet yuzhnee Saturna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Veneru, Mars i Uran mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram, a Saturn v utrennee vremya. Neptun viden v yuzhnyh shirotah na utrennem nebe. Yupiter ne viden. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ZTF (C/2020 V2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Treugol'nika pri bleske okolo 10m. Kometa ZTF (C/2022 E3) pri bleske slabee 10m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Eridana. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Cerera (7,2m) v sozvezdii Volos Veroniki.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya bystroi planety dostigaet maksimal'nogo znacheniya 19 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca 11 aprelya. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -0,1m do +1m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 8 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,47 do 0,23. V teleskop viden nebol'shoi serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,92 do 0,76 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, nahodyas' bliz Pleyad i Giad. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 40 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 15 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze okolo 0,75. V teleskop viden nebol'shoi oval planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,13 do 1,08 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Mars viden v vechernie chasy. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,1m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 6 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk s krupnymi detalyami na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,54 do 1,61 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Yupiter ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v soedinenie s Solncem 11 aprelya. Vidimyi diametr Yupitera sostavlyaet okolo 33 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli okolo 5,95 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu vidimost'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,48 do 10,39 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na vechernem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,54 do 20,59 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na utrennem nebe v yuzhnyh shirotah. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,82 do 30,77 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Apr 2023 12h10m41.95s N16 22' 23.6" 2.577 1.655 7.2 150.8 27.25 271.4 Com 16 Apr 2023 12h07m13.30s N16 20' 56.6" 2.579 1.684 7.3 146.1 24.17 264.4 Com Pallada (2) 11 Apr 2023 7h18m32.16s S 1 05' 11.4" 2.141 1.878 8.5 90.8 69.14 53.1 Mon 16 Apr 2023 7h26m04.97s N 0 14' 42.0" 2.144 1.932 8.5 87.9 69.59 56.5 CMi Yunona (3) 11 Apr 2023 3h08m46.03s N 8 40' 16.0" 1.986 2.815 9.7 27.9 87.32 74.8 Cet 16 Apr 2023 3h20m07.59s N 9 24' 57.0" 1.987 2.839 9.7 26.1 87.59 75.6 Cet Vesta (4) 11 Apr 2023 1h49m21.78s N 6 01' 07.4" 2.501 3.487 8.2 8.5 68.25 68.3 Psc 16 Apr 2023 1h57m49.79s N 6 51' 03.6" 2.505 3.499 8.1 6.5 68.16 68.8 Psc Irida (7) 11 Apr 2023 14h40m13.73s S21 27' 07.2" 2.925 1.983 9.9 155.6 30.57 287.8 Lib 16 Apr 2023 14h35m57.59s S21 06' 40.1" 2.927 1.959 9.8 161.4 33.60 289.2 Lib a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
10 aprelya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,82-) prohodit severnee Antaresa.
11 aprelya, 22 chasa 04 minuty - Merkurii v maksimal'noi vostochnoi (vechernei) elongacii 19 gradusov.
12 aprelya, 03 chasa 17 minut - Luna (F= 0,64-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
13 aprelya, 09 chasov 11 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
14 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Venera bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady.
15 aprelya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Kometa ZTF (C/2022 E3) bliz zvezdy beta Oriona.
16 aprelya, 02 chasa 22 minuty - Luna (F= 0,21-) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 367967 km ot centra Zemli.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 13 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 13 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 13 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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