Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 17 po 23 aprelya 2023 goda14.04.2023 12:38 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 17 aprelya Luna (F= 0,08-) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, a 19 aprelya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,01-) Yupitera (polosa pokrytiya prohodit po Amerike). 20 aprelya proizoidet kol'ceobrazno-polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie pri vidimosti v akvatorii Indiiskogo i Tihogo okeanov, Avstralii i Indonezii. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,0) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, 21 aprelya Luna (F= 0,02+) proidet bliz Merkuriya i Urana, a Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu. 22 aprelya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Liridy (ZHR= 18), a Luna (F= 0,07+) budet nablyudat'sya mezhdu Pleyadami i Giadami. 23 aprelya Luna (F= 0,12+) proidet severnee Venery.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 44 do 47 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 14 chasov 45 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 31,88 do 31,82 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Ryb, 19 aprelya perehodya v sozvezdie Ovna. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 20 aprelya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya i Vodoleya, Ryb, Ovna i Tel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,13- do 0,16+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vodoleya. 17 aprelya Luna pri faze 0,08- proidet yuzhnee Neptuna i pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb. 18 aprelya tonkii lunnyi serp (F= 0,03-) posetit sozvezdie Kita, a zatem snova pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb. 19 aprelya Luna sblizitsya s Yupiterom i pokroet planetu, no yavlenie ne budet vidno iz-za blizosti k Solncu. V sozvezdii Ryb 20 aprelya Luna primet fazu novoluniya, pri kotorom proizoidet kol'ceobrazno-polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie pri vidimosti v akvatorii Indiiskogo i Tihogo okeanov, Avstralii i Indonezii. V etot zhe den' Luna vstupit sozvezdie Ovna, gde 21 aprelya proidet bliz Merkuriya i Urana pri faze 0,02+. Zatem lunnyi serp ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Tel'ca, v kotoroe voidet 22 aprelya pri faze 0,04+. V etot den' Luna pri faze 0,07+ budet nablyudat'sya bliz Venery mezhdu Giadami i Pleyadami. 23 aprelya pri faze 0,1+ molodoi mesyac proidet severnee Al'debarana. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Veneru, Mars i Uran mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram, a Saturn v utrennee vremya. Neptun viden v yuzhnyh shirotah na utrennem nebe. Yupiter ne viden. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ZTF (C/2020 V2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyam Treugol'nika i Ovna pri bleske okolo 10m. Kometa ZTF (C/2022 E3) pri bleske slabee 10m dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Eridana. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na aprel', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Cerera (7,4 m) v sozvezdii Volos Veroniki.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem (21 aprelya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe) po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya bystroi planety za nedelyu umen'shaetsya ot 18 do 12 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot +1m do +2,8m, vidimyi diametr uvelichivaetsya ot 9 do 11 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,23 do 0,07. V teleskop viden nebol'shoi serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,76 do 0,63 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Venera nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, nahodyas' bliz Pleyad i Giad. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 41,2 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 16 uglovyh sekund, a blesk priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -4m pri faze okolo 0,7. V teleskop viden nebol'shoi oval planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,08 do 1,03 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Mars viden v vechernie chasy. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,2m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 6 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden disk s krupnymi detalyami na poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,61 do 1,67 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Yupiter ne viden. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 33 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,95 - 5,94 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na aprel'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu vidimost'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 10,39 do 10,29 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na vechernem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 20,59 do 20,62 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na utrennem nebe v yuzhnyh shirotah. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,77 do 30,71 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 16 Apr 2023 12h07m13.30s N16 20' 56.6" 2.579 1.684 7.3 146.1 24.17 264.4 Com 21 Apr 2023 12h04m13.42s N16 13' 32.4" 2.581 1.719 7.4 141.3 20.95 255.4 Com Pallada (2) 16 Apr 2023 7h26m04.97s N 0 14' 42.0" 2.144 1.932 8.5 87.9 69.59 56.5 CMi 21 Apr 2023 7h33m58.47s N 1 28' 19.0" 2.147 1.986 8.6 85.1 70.01 59.8 CMi Yunona (3) 16 Apr 2023 3h20m07.59s N 9 24' 57.0" 1.987 2.839 9.7 26.1 87.59 75.6 Cet 21 Apr 2023 3h31m34.85s N10 07' 22.6" 1.989 2.861 9.7 24.3 87.78 76.4 Tau Vesta (4) 16 Apr 2023 1h57m49.79s N 6 51' 03.6" 2.505 3.499 8.1 6.5 68.16 68.8 Psc 21 Apr 2023 2h06m19.56s N 7 39' 49.2" 2.508 3.507 8.1 5.1 68.02 69.3 Psc Irida (7) 16 Apr 2023 14h35m57.59s S21 06' 40.1" 2.927 1.959 9.8 161.4 33.60 289.2 Lib 21 Apr 2023 14h31m22.92s S20 43' 01.6" 2.929 1.941 9.7 167.0 35.86 290.5 Lib a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii aprelya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na aprel', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
17 aprelya, utro - Luna (F= 0,12-) bliz Neptuna.
18 aprelya, i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Venera bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Giady.
19 aprelya, 17 chasov 25 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,01-) Yupitera (polosa pokrytiya prohodit po Amerike).
20 aprelya, 01chas 34 minuty - Nachalo solnechnogo zatmeniya pri vidimosti v akvatorii Indiiskogo i Tihogo okeanov, Avstralii i Indonezii.
20 aprelya, 04 chasa 14 minut - Novolunie.
21 aprelya, 16 chasov 01 minuta - Merkurii v stoyanii s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu.
22 aprelya, noch' - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Liridy (ZHR= 18).
23 aprelya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,15+) bliz Venery.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 20 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 20 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 20 aprelya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 04 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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