Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 10 po 16 iyulya 2023 goda7.07.2023 17:34 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 10 iyulya Mars proidet v polgradusa severnee Regula. 11 iyulya Luna (F= 0,39-) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a pri faze 0,31- proidet severnee Yupitera. 12 iyulya Luna (F= 0,23-) proidet severnee Urana, a 13 iyulya pri faze 0,17- budet nablyudat'sya mezhdu Pleyadami i Giadami. 14 iyulya Luna (F= 0,12-) proidet severnee Al'debarana, a 16 iyulya pri faze 0,03- proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. Krome etogo, ves' mesyac imeetsya vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone vechernei i utrennei zari.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shitsya do 55 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 16 chasov 55 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 31,47 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 10 iyulya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ryb, Ovna, Tel'ca i Bliznecov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,51- do 0,01- i uvelichivaya (s 16 iyulya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ryb. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo primet fazu poslednei chetverti 10 iyulya. 11 iyulya Luna pereidet sozvezdie Ovna pri faze 0,4-, gde v etot den' proidet severnee Yupitera uzhe pri faze 0,31-. 12 iyulya lunnyi serp pri faze 0,23- sblizitsya s Uranom, a zatem ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Tel'ca, v kotoroe voidet v etot zhe den' pri faze 0,21-. 13 iyulya staryi mesyac (F= 0,17-) budet nahodit'sya mezhdu Giadami i Pleyadami, a zatem proidet severnee Al'debarana. 15 iyulya Luna (F= 0,04-) vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde 17 iyulya primet fazu novoluniya. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Yupiter i Uran nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Veneru i Mars mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram, a Saturn i Neptun noch'yu i utrom. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ZTF (C/2020 V2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Ovna pri bleske okolo 11m, a kometa ATLAS (C/2023 E1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Maloi Medvedicy i Drakona s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyul', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,4m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov, 10 iyulya perehodya v sozvezdie Raka, gde 15 iyulya posetit rasseyannoe zvezdnoe skoplenie Yasli (M44). Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh raionah strany). Elongaciya bystroi planety za nedelyu uvelichivaetsya ot 10 do 17 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -1,1m do -0,5m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya do 0,83. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,30 do 1,23a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu L'va (bliz Regula, Marsa i Pallady). Venera vidna na vechernem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 34 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 43 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,4m pri faze okolo 0,2. V teleskop viden serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,43 do 0,39 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu L'va, 10 iyulya sblizhayas' s Regulom do polgradusa. Mars viden v vechernee vremya levee Venery (bliz Pallady). Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 2,26 do 2,30 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety dostigaet 38,1 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,27 - 5,17 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyul'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu i nochnuyu vidimost'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,6m, a uglovoi diametr - bolee 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 9,09 do 9,01 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 20,20 do 20,10 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,55 do 29,44 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Jul 2023 12h32m03.04s N 5 38' 06.3" 2.626 2.659 8.7 77.1 46.83 125.4 Vir 16 Jul 2023 12h37m16.70s N 4 43' 40.4" 2.630 2.723 8.7 73.9 48.66 124.3 Vir Pallada (2) 11 Jul 2023 10h04m18.71s N 8 47' 58.0" 2.244 2.895 9.2 41.9 72.09 92.4 Leo 16 Jul 2023 10h13m58.38s N 8 40' 33.0" 2.252 2.943 9.2 39.4 72.07 93.5 Leo Yunona (3) 11 Jul 2023 6h41m41.09s N14 38' 37.6" 2.076 3.062 9.7 11.6 83.63 93.2 Gem 16 Jul 2023 6h53m05.13s N14 27' 45.8" 2.085 3.063 9.7 13.0 83.03 94.2 Gem Vesta (4) 11 Jul 2023 4h24m27.17s N17 07' 17.2" 2.552 3.228 8.4 41.2 60.33 80.3 Tau 16 Jul 2023 4h32m40.29s N17 26' 26.0" 2.554 3.187 8.4 43.9 59.43 81.1 Tau Flora (8) 11 Jul 2023 22h50m58.43s S11 53' 15.3" 2.086 1.296 9.6 128.5 14.00 124.4 Aqr 16 Jul 2023 22h52m16.59s S12 11' 32.9" 2.077 1.246 9.4 133.0 12.28 150.6 Aqr Partenopa (11) 11 Jul 2023 16h30m57.31s S16 56' 41.7" 2.302 1.427 10.0 140.3 15.62 248.5 Oph 16 Jul 2023 16h29m23.86s S17 09' 29.8" 2.297 1.461 10.1 135.2 11.08 233.0 Oph Evnomiya (15) 11 Jul 2023 19h03m32.08s S25 01' 18.1" 2.689 1.674 8.7 175.5 37.87 280.3 Sgr 16 Jul 2023 18h58m12.60s S24 47' 10.6" 2.679 1.672 8.9 170.1 37.26 281.6 Sgr a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyulya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyul', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
10 iyulya, 01 chas 48 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
11 iyulya, 01 chas 22 minuty - Luna (F= 0,39-) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
12 iyulya, utro - Luna (F= 0,3-) bliz Yupitera i Urana.
13 iyulya, utro - Luna (F= 0,2-) bliz Pleyad.
14 iyulya, utro - Luna (F= 0,12-) prohodit severnee Al'debarana.
15 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone vechernei i utrennei zari.
16 iyulya, 02 chasa 42 minuty - Luna (F= 0,03-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 13 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 13 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 13 iyulya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 07 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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