Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 31 iyulya po 6 avgusta 2023 goda22.07.2023 10:21 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 1 avgusta nastupit superlunie (Luna budet nahodit'sya bliz minimal'nogo rasstoyaniya ot Zemli vo vremya polnoi fazy). 2 avgusta Luna (F= 0,99-) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 357311 km ot centra Zemli, a 3 avgusta pri faze 0,95- proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 4 avgusta Luna (F= 0,86-) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. Krome etogo, ves' mesyac imeetsya vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone vechernei i utrennei zari.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shitsya do 52 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 15 chasov 40 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 31,51 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Raka. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 1 avgusta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,95+ do 0,65- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca, gde i zakonchit svoi put' po iyul'skomu nebu pri faze 0,99+. 1 avgusta yarkii lunnyi disk pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga i primet zdes' v etot den' fazu polnoluniya. 2 avgusta Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya, umen'shiv fazu do 0,98-. Na sleduyushii den' nochnoe svetilo pri faze 0,95- proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 4 avgusta lunnyi oval pri faze 0,86- proidet yuzhnee Neptuna, a pri faze 0,85- pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb. Na sleduyushii den' Luna (F= 0,8-) vstupit v sozvezdie Kita, a pri faze 0,76- snova vozvratitsya v sozvezdie Ryb. Zdes' nochnoe svetilo probudet do 7 avgusta. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Mars mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Venera zakanchivaet vechernyuyu vidimost', a Yupiter, Saturn, Uran i Neptun nablyudayutsya noch'yu i utrom. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica ZTF (C/2020 V2) peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Kita pri bleske okolo 10m, a kometa ATLAS (C/2023 E1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Cefeya s bleskom okolo 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na iyul', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8,4m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz Al'debarana).
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va (bliz Regula). Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh raionah strany). Elongaciya bystroi planety za nedelyu uvelichivaetsya ot 25 do 27 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot 0m do +0,2m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 7 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya do 0,54. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,04 do 0,94 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu L'va (bliz Regula). Venera zakanchivaet vechernyuyu vidimost', hotya v yuzhnom polusharii Zemli nastupaet dvoinaya vidimost'. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 12 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 56,5 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze menee 0,1. V teleskop viden serp planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,32 do 0,30 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu L'va. Mars viden v vechernee vremya bliz Merkuriya (luchshie usloviya nablyudenii - v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 2,37 do 2,40 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 40 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2,4m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,96 - 4,86 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na iyul'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn imeet utrennyuyu i nochnuyu vidimost'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 19 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya ot 8,87 do 8,83 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 19,88 do 19,76 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na nochnom i utrennem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 29,24 do 29,16 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Aug 2023 12h55m35.65s N 1 46' 23.9" 2.641 2.921 8.8 64.1 53.54 121.4 Vir 6 Aug 2023 13h01m44.94s N 0 50' 30.4" 2.644 2.980 8.8 61.1 54.79 120.7 Vir Pallada (2) 1 Aug 2023 10h44m44.37s N 8 00' 46.5" 2.281 3.085 9.2 31.4 71.87 96.3 Leo 6 Aug 2023 10h54m17.54s N 7 44' 10.7" 2.290 3.125 9.2 28.9 71.80 97.0 Leo Yunona (3) 1 Aug 2023 7h28m45.50s N13 33' 50.0" 2.115 3.055 9.9 18.3 80.77 97.5 Gem 6 Aug 2023 7h39m37.11s N13 11' 29.2" 2.125 3.049 9.9 20.2 80.01 98.4 CMi Vesta (4) 1 Aug 2023 4h58m14.13s N18 15' 01.1" 2.560 3.039 8.4 53.0 55.96 83.6 Tau 6 Aug 2023 5h05m56.42s N18 26' 24.9" 2.561 2.988 8.4 55.9 54.71 84.3 Tau Flora (8) 1 Aug 2023 22h51m15.50s S13 46' 53.2" 2.049 1.112 9.0 148.8 22.83 213.3 Aqr 6 Aug 2023 22h49m17.71s S14 26' 55.0" 2.040 1.079 8.8 154.0 27.86 220.7 Aqr Gigeiya (10) 1 Aug 2023 21h22m10.84s S12 11' 34.2" 3.042 2.040 9.7 168.7 29.40 258.0 Aqr 6 Aug 2023 21h18m16.76s S12 24' 16.1" 3.047 2.037 9.6 174.0 30.29 257.5 Aqr Evnomiya (15) 1 Aug 2023 18h43m10.88s S23 53' 50.0" 2.648 1.710 9.2 151.6 29.06 288.5 Sgr 6 Aug 2023 18h39m33.27s S23 35' 31.3" 2.638 1.735 9.2 146.1 25.13 292.1 Sgr Mel'pomena (18) 1 Aug 2023 2h13m45.93s N 6 43' 08.2" 1.812 1.420 9.8 94.7 66.38 87.1 Cet 6 Aug 2023 2h22m32.53s N 6 47' 14.8" 1.808 1.372 9.7 97.3 63.90 89.2 Cet a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii iyulya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na iyul', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
31 iyulya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na fone vechernei i utrennei zari.
01 avgusta, 18 chasov 32 minuty - Polnolunie.
02 avgusta, 05 chasov 52 minuty - Luna (F= 0,99-) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 357311 km ot centra Zemli.
03 avgusta, noch' - Luna (F= 0,98-) bliz Saturna.
04 avgusta, noch' - Luna (F= 0,86-) prohodit yuzhnee Neptuna.
05 avgusta i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Merkurii bliz Marsa i Pallady.
06 avgusta i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Vesta bliz Al'debarana.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 3 avgusta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 3 avgusta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 3 avgusta v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 07 i 08 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
Publikacii so slovami: astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom | |
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