Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 sentyabrya po 1 oktyabrya 2023 goda22.09.2023 15:35 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 27 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,92+) prodet yuzhnee Saturna, 28 sentyabrya pri faze 0,97+ dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 359911 km ot centra Zemli, a pri faze 0,99+ proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Antarktide). 30 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,98-) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shitsya do 31 gradusa, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 11 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 31,89 do 31,94 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 29 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Kozeroga, Vodoleya, Ryb i Ovna, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,73+ do 0,91- i sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kozeroga. 26 sentyabrya yarkii lunnyi oval pri faze 0,89+ vstupit v sozvezdie Vodoleya, gde 27 sentyabrya (F= 0,92+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna. V sozvezdii Vodoleya 28 sentyabrya pri faze 0,99+ Luna proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Antarktide). V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,99+) pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, gde 29 sentyabrya primet fazu polnoluniya. V etot den' yarkii lunnyi disk posetit sozvezdie Kita i snova vernetsya v sozvezdie Ryb. 30 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,97-) dostignet sozvezdiya Ovna i zakonchit zdes' svoi put' po sentyabr'skomu nebu. 1 oktyabrya nochnoe svetilo budet nahodit'sya v sozvezdii Ovna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Venera vidny na utrennem nebe, Mars mozhno naiti v luchah zahodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah strany, a Yupiter, Saturn, Uran i Neptun nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Encke(2P)dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu L'va pri maksimal'nom bleske okolo 8m. Kometa P/Hartley (103P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Voznichego s bleskom okolo 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr' - dekabr' 2023 goda i na yanvar' 2024 goda, a na drugie periody v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (8m) v sozvezdii Oriona.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va, 1 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Devy. Merkurii viden na utrennem nebe. Elongaciya bystroi planety umen'shaetsya do 14 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya uvelichivaetsya ot -0,6m do -1,0m, vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya do 6 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,6 do 0,84. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,02 do 1,20 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Raka, 25 sentyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie L'va. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone utrennei zari, postepenno sblizhayas' s Regulom. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya ot 42 do 44 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 35 do 31 uglovoi sekundy, a blesk imeet znachenie -4,5m pri faze okolo 0,35. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,48 do 0,53 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Devy (sblizhayas' so Spikoi do dvuh s polovinoi gradusov v konce nedeli). Mars viden v luchah zahodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,6m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 2,53 do 2,54 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 48 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,19 - 4,12 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr' - dekabr' 2023 goda i na yanvar' 2024 goda. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn viden vsyu noch'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 19 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 8,88 do 8,95 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 18,98 do 18,90 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun viden na nochnom nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 28,91 do 28,93 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Sep 2023 14h13m26.61s S 8 25' 47.5" 2.682 3.480 8.9 32.0 62.86 114.1 Vir 1 Oct 2023 14h21m10.92s S 9 16' 47.2" 2.686 3.515 8.9 29.2 63.27 113.5 Vir Pallada (2) 26 Sep 2023 12h29m58.89s N 3 57' 15.9" 2.396 3.387 9.0 7.2 70.42 99.7 Vir 1 Oct 2023 12h39m11.65s N 3 33' 50.0" 2.407 3.397 9.0 7.2 70.19 99.5 Vir Yunona (3) 26 Sep 2023 9h20m38.27s N 7 37' 52.3" 2.243 2.874 10.1 42.7 69.26 106.2 Cnc 1 Oct 2023 9h29m26.48s N 6 58' 59.4" 2.256 2.845 10.1 45.3 67.85 106.7 Leo Vesta (4) 26 Sep 2023 6h11m01.23s N19 03' 25.5" 2.572 2.373 8.0 89.7 32.86 90.5 Ori 1 Oct 2023 6h15m26.32s N19 02' 26.7" 2.572 2.308 7.9 93.6 29.51 90.7 Ori Flora (8) 26 Sep 2023 22h10m31.60s S20 42' 04.2" 1.958 1.057 8.8 143.9 17.32 253.5 Aqr 1 Oct 2023 22h08m42.87s S20 48' 52.6" 1.951 1.083 9.0 138.7 10.58 262.9 Aqr Evnomiya (15) 26 Sep 2023 18h43m13.13s S20 36' 11.1" 2.536 2.197 10.0 97.8 27.84 72.1 Sgr 1 Oct 2023 18h47m15.50s S20 19' 20.5" 2.526 2.253 10.1 93.8 31.55 74.0 Sgr Mel'pomena (18) 26 Sep 2023 3h21m45.20s N 2 27' 50.8" 1.797 0.966 8.7 131.7 28.19 152.6 Cet 1 Oct 2023 3h23m08.59s N 1 36' 16.2" 1.798 0.939 8.6 135.9 27.00 168.0 Cet Amfitrita (29) 26 Sep 2023 0h33m43.31s N 5 41' 19.5" 2.431 1.434 8.9 172.1 36.40 259.1 Psc 1 Oct 2023 0h28m59.40s N 5 26' 49.5" 2.428 1.427 8.7 177.4 37.29 258.3 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya i oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr' - dekabr' 2023 goda i na yanvar' 2024 goda, Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
25 sentyabrya, noch' - Kometa P/Hartley (103P) bliz zvezdnogo skopleniya M37.
26 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Venera bliz Regula.
27 sentyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,92+) prohodit yuzhnee Saturna.
28 sentyabrya, 01 chas 05 minut - Luna (F= 0,97+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 359911 km ot centra Zemli.
29 sentyabrya, 09 chasov 57 minut - Polnolunie.
30 sentyabrya, 16 chasov 48 minut - Luna (F= 0,98-) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
01 oktyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Yupiter bliz Urana.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 28 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 28 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 28 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 09 i 10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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