Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 23 po 29 oktyabrya 2023 goda16.10.2023 11:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 24 oktyabrya Venera dostignet maksimal'noi zapadnoi (utrennei) elongacii 46 gradusov, a Luna (F= 0,74+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 26 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,90+) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 364873 km ot centra Zemli, a pri faze 0,89+ proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Antarktide). 28 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,99+) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a takzhe proizoidet chastnoe lunnoe zatmenie pri vidimosti v nashei strane. 29 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,99-) proidet severnee Yupitera, a Merkurii proidet v 0,3 gr. yuzhnee Marsa. Krome etogo, na utrennem nebe nahodyatsya dve komety s bleskom okolo 7m (P/Encke (2P) v sozvezdii Devy i P/Hartley (103P) v sozvezdii Raka).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shitsya do 21 gradusa, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 9 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,14 do 32,20 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 28 oktyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Kozeroga, Vodoleya, Ryb i Ovna, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,59+ do 0,98- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Kozeroga. 24 oktyabrya lunnyi oval pri faze 0,72+ vstupit v sozvezdie Vodoleya, gde v etot den' pri faze 0,74+ proidet yuzhnee Saturna. V sozvezdii Vodoleya 26 oktyabrya pri faze Luna 0,89+ proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Antarktide). V etot zhe den' yarkii lunnyi oval (F= 0,91+) pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb, a zatem pri faze 0,95+ - v sozvezdie Kita. 27 oktyabrya Luna vnov' pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb uzhe pri faze 0,96+. 28 oktyabrya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,99+) vstupit v sozvezdie Ovna, gde primet fazu polnoluniya. V eto polnolunie proizoidet chastnoe lunnoe zatmenie pri vidimosti na territorii nashei strany. 29 oktyabrya yarkii lunnyi disk proidet severnee Yupitera. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (no ne viden), Venera vidna na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy, Mars mozhno naiti v luchah zahodyashego Solnca v yuzhnyh shirotah strany, a Yupiter, Saturn, Uran i Neptun nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Encke (2P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Devy pri maksimal'nom bleske okolo 6m, 25 oktyabrya sblizhayas' so Spikoi do gradusa. Kometa P/Hartley (103P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Raka s bleskom okolo 7m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 7,5m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy, 27 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (vidimost' v konce nedeli v yuzhnyh shirotah). Elongaciya bystroi planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 6 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -1,2m do -0,8m, vidimyi diametr imeet znachenie okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza - okolo 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 1,43 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe. Elongaciya planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 46 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 24 do 23 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4,3m pri faze okolo 0,5. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,69 do 0,74 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Devy, 24 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov. Mars zakanchivaet svoyu vechernyuyu vidimost'. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,5m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 2,55 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe, nahodyas' okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem, kotoroe nastupit 3 noyabrya. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet bolee 49 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,9m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,0 - 3,98 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,7m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,20 do 9,31 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 18,70 do 18,66 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,07 do 29,15 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Oct 2023 14h53m08.81s S12 29' 58.9" 2.702 3.631 8.8 18.0 64.44 110.8 Lib 26 Oct 2023 15h01m21.85s S13 15' 08.7" 2.706 3.653 8.8 15.2 64.58 110.1 Lib Pallada (2) 21 Oct 2023 13h15m45.54s N 2 07' 20.6" 2.453 3.407 9.2 13.9 69.09 98.1 Vir 26 Oct 2023 13h24m49.05s N 1 48' 29.3" 2.464 3.402 9.3 16.4 68.72 97.6 Vir Yunona (3) 21 Oct 2023 10h02m21.95s N 4 22' 22.5" 2.308 2.708 10.1 56.2 61.16 108.4 Sex 26 Oct 2023 10h09m58.24s N 3 44' 04.4" 2.321 2.668 10.1 59.1 59.19 108.7 Sex Vesta (4) 21 Oct 2023 6h27m46.34s N18 59' 48.6" 2.573 2.051 7.6 110.4 12.91 88.4 Gem 26 Oct 2023 6h29m18.10s N19 00' 35.3" 2.573 1.990 7.6 115.0 8.07 84.3 Gem Flora (8) 21 Oct 2023 22h10m24.93s S20 09' 12.4" 1.925 1.222 9.4 120.0 18.92 53.1 Aqr 26 Oct 2023 22h13m02.58s S19 44' 30.0" 1.919 1.264 9.5 115.8 25.27 56.4 Aqr Metida (9) 21 Oct 2023 6h22m13.36s N23 20' 52.0" 2.094 1.508 9.9 111.9 26.76 76.4 Gem 26 Oct 2023 6h25m41.22s N23 33' 22.9" 2.093 1.456 9.8 116.1 21.72 71.6 Gem Mel'pomena (18) 21 Oct 2023 3h19m04.09s S 1 58' 08.6" 1.810 0.867 8.2 152.5 33.43 221.7 Eri 26 Oct 2023 3h15m57.57s S 2 45' 38.4" 1.814 0.861 8.1 155.8 35.16 230.4 Eri Amfitrita (29) 21 Oct 2023 0h11m15.04s N 4 27' 03.3" 2.416 1.467 9.2 157.2 29.19 257.4 Psc 26 Oct 2023 0h07m48.93s N 4 15' 34.6" 2.413 1.493 9.3 151.3 24.69 258.0 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
23 oktyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Asteroid Metida (9) bliz Vesty (4).
24 oktyabrya, 00 chasov 57 minut - Venera v maksimal'noi zapadnoi (utrennei) elongacii 46 gradusov.
25 oktyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Asteroid Flora (8) bliz Saturna.
26 oktyabrya, 02 chasa 53 minuty - Luna (F= 0,90+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 364873 km ot centra Zemli.
27 oktyabrya, noch' - Kometa P/Hartley (103P) bliz zvezdy beta Raka.
28 oktyabrya, 18 chasov 00 minut - Nachalo polutenevyh faz chastnogo lunnogo zatmeniya pri vidimosti v nashei strane.
28 oktyabrya, 20 chasov 23 minuty - Polnolunie.
29 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,99-) bliz Urana.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 10 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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