Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 30 oktyabrya po 5 noyabrya 2023 goda25.10.2023 12:13 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 30 oktyabrya - Luna (F= 0,98-) prohodit severnee Urana. V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,96-) zvezd iz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady pri vidimosti v Avstralii i Novoi Zelandii, a 31 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,92-) proidet severnee Al'debarana. 2 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,79-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a 3 noyabrya Yupiter vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 4 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,55-) proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44), a Saturn dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom ot popyatnogo k pryamomu dvizheniyu. Krome etogo, na utrennem nebe nablyudaetsya kometa P/Hartley (103P) s bleskom okolo 8m v sozvezdiyah Raka i Gidry.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shitsya do 18 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 55 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,20 do 32,26 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy, 31 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 5 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Ovna, Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,98- do 0,44- i uvelichivaya (so 2 noyabrya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Ovna. 30 oktyabrya pri faze 0,98- Luna proidet severnee Urana, a pri faze 0,97- pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca, gde pri faze 0,95- budet nablyudat'sya mezhdu Pleyadami i Giadami (pokrytie zvezd Pleyad pri vidimosti v Avstralii i Novoi Zelandii). 31 oktyabrya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,92-), proidet severnee Al'debarana, a pri faze 0,88- zakonchit svoi put' po oktyabr'skomu nebu v sozvezdii Tel'ca. 1 noyabrya Luna pri faze 0,81- vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov. V etom sozvezdii nochnoe svetilo probudet do 4 noyabrya, kogda pri faze 0,62- pereidet v sozvezdie Raka. Zdes' 4 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,55-) proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 5 noyabrya lunnyi serp (F= 0,46-) vstupit v sozvezdie L'va. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (viden tol'ko v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy, Mars ne viden, a Yupiter, Saturn, Uran i Neptun nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Hartley (103P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Raka i Gidry s bleskom okolo 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 7,5m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Elongaciya bystroi planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 10 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -0,8m do -0,6m, vidimyi diametr imeet znachenie okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza - okolo 0,95. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya do 1,41 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu L'va, 2 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Devy. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 46 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca. Vidimyi diametr Venery umen'shaetsya ot 23 do 21 uglovoi sekundy, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4,3m pri faze bolee 0,5. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,74 do 0,79 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Mars ne viden. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 2,54 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe, nahodyas' okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem, kotoroe nastupit 3 noyabrya. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet bolee 49 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,9m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli okolo 3,98 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno (4 noyabrya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe), peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,7m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,31 do 9,41 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe, priblizhayas' k svoemu protivostoyaniyu, kotoroe nastupit 13 noyabrya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya ot 18,66 do 18,64 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,15 do 29,23 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Nov 2023 15h11m19.69s S14 07' 28.1" 2.710 3.674 8.7 11.9 64.70 109.3 Lib 6 Nov 2023 15h19m42.78s S14 49' 26.3" 2.715 3.689 8.7 9.1 64.76 108.6 Lib Pallada (2) 1 Nov 2023 13h35m38.22s N 1 27' 48.8" 2.479 3.393 9.3 19.5 68.25 96.8 Vir 6 Nov 2023 13h44m36.52s N 1 12' 24.1" 2.490 3.381 9.4 22.1 67.84 96.1 Vir Yunona (3) 1 Nov 2023 10h18m44.24s N 2 59' 10.0" 2.337 2.618 10.1 62.8 56.66 108.9 Sex 6 Nov 2023 10h25m43.69s N 2 22' 52.9" 2.350 2.575 10.1 65.9 54.38 109.1 Sex Vesta (4) 1 Nov 2023 6h30m12.67s N19 02' 50.4" 2.573 1.920 7.5 120.7 2.33 51.6 Gem 6 Nov 2023 6h30m09.27s N19 06' 00.3" 2.573 1.865 7.4 125.7 4.17 299.7 Gem Flora (8) 1 Nov 2023 22h17m14.01s S19 08' 15.8" 1.912 1.315 9.6 111.1 32.35 58.7 Aqr 6 Nov 2023 22h21m31.17s S18 33' 01.6" 1.906 1.360 9.7 107.3 37.82 59.8 Aqr Metida (9) 1 Nov 2023 6h28m47.13s N23 50' 06.5" 2.093 1.397 9.7 121.4 15.63 60.5 Gem 6 Nov 2023 6h30m24.73s N24 05' 42.4" 2.093 1.350 9.6 126.0 11.20 40.8 Gem Mel'pomena (18) 1 Nov 2023 3h11m30.16s S 3 34' 38.8" 1.820 0.859 8.1 158.5 36.13 239.7 Eri 6 Nov 2023 3h07m24.18s S 4 07' 04.3" 1.825 0.863 8.1 159.2 35.76 246.9 Eri Amfitrita (29) 1 Nov 2023 0h04m30.23s N 4 05' 23.1" 2.410 1.531 9.4 144.6 18.56 259.5 Psc 6 Nov 2023 0h02m29.14s N 4 00' 20.8" 2.407 1.569 9.5 139.1 13.06 262.5 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya i noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
30 oktyabrya, 16 chasov 27 minut - pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,96-) zvezd iz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Pleyady pri vidimosti v Avstralii i Novoi Zelandii.
31 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,91-) bliz Al'debarana.
01 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Asteroid Metida (9) bliz Vesty (4).
02 noyabrya, 05 chasov 13 minut - Luna (F= 0,79-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
03 noyabrya, 03 chasa 45 minut - Yupiter v protivostoyanii s Solncem.
04 noyabrya, 16 chasov 56 minut - Saturn v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
05 noyabrya, 08 chasov 37 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 10 i 11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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