Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 27 noyabrya po 3 dekabrya 2023 goda20.11.2023 11:33 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 27 noyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 1,0) zvezd Pleyad (Al'ciona) pri vidimosti na yuge Afriki, a 28 noyabrya Luna pri polnoi faze proidet severnee Giad i Al'debarana. 29 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,95-) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a Venera proidet v 4,2 gr. severnee Spiki. 2 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,77-) proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shitsya do 12 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 20 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,41 do 32,45 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona, 30 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 27 noyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 1,0 do 0,61- i uvelichivaya (s 29 noyabrya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca, gde 27 noyabrya primet fazu polnoluniya nablyudayas' vsyu noch' bliz Pleyad i Giad. V etot zhe den' polnaya Luna proidet severnee Al'debarana. 29 noyabrya Luna pri faze 0,96- vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde i zakonchit svoi put' po osennemu nebu pri faze 0,86-. 1 dekabrya Luna pri faze 0,83- vstupit v sozvezdie v sozvezdie Raka. Zdes' 2 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,77-) proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 3 dekabrya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,70-) vstupit v sozvezdie L'va. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy, Mars ne viden, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya, a Saturn i Neptun - v vechernee i nochnoe vremya. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Hartley (103P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Gidry s bleskom slabee 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 7m) v sozvezdiyah Bliznecov i Oriona.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Elongaciya bystroi planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya ot 20 do 21 gradusa k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk Merkuriya priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -0,4m, vidimyi diametr uvelichivaetsya ot 5 do 7 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya do 0,64. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,17 do 1,03 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 43 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr - ot 18 do 17 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4,1m pri faze okolo 0,65. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 0,95 do 1,00 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona. Mars ne viden. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,51 do 2,50 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe, nahodyas' okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 48 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,08 - 4,14 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,76 do 9,87 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,66 do 18,70 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,55 do 29,66 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Nov 2023 15h53m51.30s S17 21' 05.9" 2.731 3.714 8.6 4.2 64.45 105.5 Lib 1 Dec 2023 16h02m29.90s S17 54' 40.3" 2.735 3.712 8.6 6.6 64.24 104.8 Sco Pallada (2) 26 Nov 2023 14h19m58.12s N 0 31' 10.2" 2.538 3.306 9.5 33.2 65.68 92.4 Vir 1 Dec 2023 14h28m38.27s N 0 26' 50.7" 2.551 3.280 9.6 36.1 65.03 91.3 Vir Yunona (3) 26 Nov 2023 10h50m25.56s N 0 13' 36.2" 2.405 2.384 10.0 79.3 43.25 109.0 Sex 1 Dec 2023 10h55m40.74s S 0 13' 22.2" 2.419 2.333 10.0 83.0 39.95 108.7 Leo Vesta (4) 26 Nov 2023 6h22m10.01s N19 32' 22.2" 2.571 1.682 7.0 147.7 25.93 280.6 Gem 1 Dec 2023 6h18m19.48s N19 42' 18.8" 2.570 1.649 6.8 153.6 30.67 280.0 Ori Flora (8) 26 Nov 2023 22h44m43.39s S15 32' 28.9" 1.887 1.547 10.0 93.6 55.88 62.0 Aqr 1 Dec 2023 22h51m45.31s S14 38' 52.9" 1.882 1.595 10.0 90.5 59.44 62.2 Aqr Metida (9) 26 Nov 2023 6h27m20.46s N25 23' 53.5" 2.094 1.197 9.1 146.9 22.37 300.2 Gem 1 Dec 2023 6h24m10.89s N25 46' 20.5" 2.095 1.170 9.0 152.6 27.87 294.3 Gem Mel'pomena (18) 26 Nov 2023 2h51m56.78s S 4 40' 53.3" 1.849 0.932 8.5 149.0 24.37 283.8 Eri 1 Dec 2023 2h49m16.48s S 4 24' 50.4" 1.857 0.961 8.6 144.8 21.13 299.3 Eri Amfitrita (29) 26 Nov 2023 0h01m37.41s N 4 16' 34.7" 2.397 1.759 9.9 118.9 10.52 56.9 Psc 1 Dec 2023 0h03m09.67s N 4 29' 58.3" 2.395 1.814 10.0 114.3 15.71 61.3 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii noyabrya i dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
27 noyabrya, 09 chasov 15 minut - Polnolunie.
28 noyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 1,0) bliz Giad i Al'debarana.
29 noyabrya, 14 chasov 09 minut - Luna (F= 0,95-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
30 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Asteroid Metida (9) bliz Vesty (4).
01 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Venera bliz Spiki.
02 dekabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,78-) bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
03 dekabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,65-) bliz Regula.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 11 i 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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