Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 4 po 10 dekabrya 2023 goda27.11.2023 15:29 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 4 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,61-) proidet severnee Regula, a Merkurii dostignet maksimal'noi vostochnoi (vechernei) elongacii 21 gradus. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,54-) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404348 km ot centra Zemli, a 6 dekabrya Neptun proidet stoyanie s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu. 8 dekabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Monocerotidy (ZHR= 2) iz sozvezdiya Edinoroga, a Mars proidet v 4,3 gr. severnee Antaresa. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,20-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity (severnee Spiki), a 9 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,12-) proidet yuzhnee Venery. Krome etogo, na nochnom nebe bliz Vegi nablyudaetsya kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P), kotoraya uvelichila yarkost' do 9m.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shitsya do 11 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 10 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,45 do 32,48 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 5 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy i Vesov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,61- do 0,05- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 4 dekabrya lunnyi oval (F= 0,61-) proidet severnee Regula, a 5 dekabrya primet v sozvezdii L'va fazu poslednei chetverti. 6 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,42-) pereidet v sozvezdie Devy. Zdes' 8 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,2-) proidet severnee Spiki, a 9 dekabrya proidet yuzhnee Venery pri faze 0,12-. V etot zhe den' lunnyi serp (F= 0,11-) pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, a 11 dekabrya pri faze 0,03- dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy, Mars ne viden, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya, a Saturn i Neptun - v vechernee i nochnoe vremya. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) s bleskom yarche 9m nahoditsya bliz Vegi. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 6,5 m) v sozvezdii Oriona.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Maksimal'naya elongaciya 21 gradus k vostoku ot Solnca nastupit 4 dekabrya. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety k koncu nedeli umen'shaetsya do 19 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot -0,4m do 0m, vidimyi diametr uvelichivaetsya ot 7 do 8 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,64 do 0,39. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,03 do 0,86 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 41 gradusa k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr - ot 17 do 16 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4,1m pri faze okolo 0,7. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,00 do 1,04 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Skorpiona, 5 dekabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Mars ne viden. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,50 do 2,48 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 47 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,14 - 4,21 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,8m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,87 do 9,99 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,70 do 18,75 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno (6 dekabrya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe), peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,66 do 29,78 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 6 Dec 2023 16h11m10.19s S18 26' 26.0" 2.739 3.707 8.7 9.4 64.00 104.0 Sco 11 Dec 2023 16h19m51.60s S18 56' 21.3" 2.743 3.698 8.8 12.2 63.69 103.2 Sco Pallada (2) 6 Dec 2023 14h37m13.41s N 0 25' 14.2" 2.563 3.252 9.6 39.0 64.34 90.1 Vir 11 Dec 2023 14h45m42.83s N 0 26' 31.3" 2.575 3.221 9.6 42.0 63.58 88.7 Vir Yunona (3) 6 Dec 2023 11h00m30.87s S 0 37' 38.1" 2.433 2.281 10.0 86.7 36.38 108.3 Leo 11 Dec 2023 11h04m54.05s S 0 58' 51.2" 2.447 2.229 9.9 90.6 32.52 107.5 Leo Vesta (4) 6 Dec 2023 6h13m51.50s N19 53' 19.8" 2.569 1.622 6.7 159.7 34.75 279.6 Ori 11 Dec 2023 6h08m52.33s N20 05' 12.3" 2.568 1.602 6.6 165.9 37.96 279.3 Ori Astreya (5) 6 Dec 2023 6h41m57.57s N15 46' 46.7" 2.230 1.310 9.9 152.2 23.36 273.0 Gem 11 Dec 2023 6h38m30.50s N15 50' 23.7" 2.222 1.278 9.7 157.8 28.43 275.1 Gem Metida (9) 6 Dec 2023 6h20m10.11s N26 09' 01.5" 2.096 1.148 8.8 158.6 32.80 290.3 Gem 11 Dec 2023 6h15m25.49s N26 31' 16.8" 2.098 1.132 8.7 164.6 36.74 287.4 Gem Mel'pomena (18) 6 Dec 2023 2h47m20.00s S 4 00' 09.5" 1.864 0.995 8.7 140.5 19.14 318.9 Eri 11 Dec 2023 2h46m11.35s S 3 27' 45.1" 1.872 1.032 8.9 136.3 19.11 340.7 Eri Fides (37) 6 Dec 2023 5h55m13.44s N28 43' 43.6" 2.187 1.225 9.9 163.5 32.08 275.2 Aur 11 Dec 2023 5h50m18.11s N28 48' 14.6" 2.189 1.215 9.8 169.1 34.72 272.7 Aur a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
04 dekabrya, 18 chasov 42 minuty - Luna (F= 0,54-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404348 km ot centra Zemli.
05 dekabrya, 05 chasov 51 minuta - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
06 dekabrya, 23 chasa 45 minut - Neptun v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
07 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz Vegi.
08 dekabrya, 15 chasov 23 minuty - Luna (F= 0,20-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
09 dekabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,16-) bliz Venery.
10 dekabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,09-) bliz Venery.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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