Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 11 po 17 dekabrya 2023 goda4.12.2023 11:36 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 12 dekabrya proizoidet pokrytie zvezdy al'fa Oriona asteroidom Leona (319) pri vidimosti na Kavkaze. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,01-) proidet severnee Antaresa (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Sibiri), a pri faze 0,0 proidet yuzhnee Marsa. 13 dekabrya Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu, a Luna (F= 0,01+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 14 dekabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Geminidy (ZHR= 120) iz sozvezdiya Bliznecov, a Luna (F= 0,02+) proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya. 16 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,18+) dostignet perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 367900 km ot centra Zemli, a 17 dekabrya pri faze 0,29+ proidet yuzhnee Saturna.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 11 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote umen'shaetsya do 7 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,48 do 32,50 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 12 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,05- do 0,3+ i umen'shaya (s 13 dekabrya - uvelichivaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vesov. 11 dekabrya Luna pri faze 0,03- dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona. Zdes' 12 dekabrya pri faze 0,01- pokroet Antares (vidimost' v Sibiri). V etot zhe den' samyi tonkii mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca, gde primet fazu novoluniya 12 dekabrya. 13 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,01+) pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca, gde 14 dekabrya pri faze 0,02+ proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya. 15 dekabrya pri faze 0,1+ lunnyi serp pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga i probudet zdes' do 17 dekabrya, uvelichiv fazu do 0,26+. Pereidya v sozvezdie Vodoleya Luna (F= 0,29+) 17 dekabrya proidet yuzhnee Saturna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany), Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy, Mars ne viden, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya, a Saturn i Neptun - v vechernee i nochnoe vremya. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) s bleskom okolo 9m nahoditsya bliz Vegi. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 6,5 m) v sozvezdii Oriona.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem (13 dekabrya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe) po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii nahoditsya na vechernem nebe (luchshaya vidimost' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety k koncu nedeli umen'shaetsya ot 19 do 11 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya umen'shaetsya ot 0m do +2m, vidimyi diametr uvelichivaetsya ot 8 do 9 sekund dugi, a faza umen'shaetsya ot 0,39 do 0,1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,86 do 0,72 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 40 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr - ot 16 do 15 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4,1m pri faze okolo 0,7. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,04 do 1,09 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Mars ne viden. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,4m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,48 do 2,46 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 46 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,21 - 4,29 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 17 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 9,99 do 10,09 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,75 do 18,81 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vecherom i noch'yu. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,78 do 29,90 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
11 Dec 2023 16h19m51.60s S18 56' 21.3" 2.743 3.698 8.8 12.2 63.69 103.2 Sco
16 Dec 2023 16h28m33.43s S19 24' 24.3" 2.747 3.685 8.8 15.1 63.31 102.4 Sco
Pallada (2)
11 Dec 2023 14h45m42.83s N 0 26' 31.3" 2.575 3.221 9.6 42.0 63.58 88.7 Vir
16 Dec 2023 14h54m05.70s N 0 30' 52.8" 2.587 3.188 9.6 45.0 62.74 87.3 Vir
Yunona (3)
11 Dec 2023 11h04m54.05s S 0 58' 51.2" 2.447 2.229 9.9 90.6 32.52 107.5 Leo
16 Dec 2023 11h08m48.29s S 1 16' 40.0" 2.461 2.177 9.9 94.7 28.37 106.4 Leo
Vesta (4)
11 Dec 2023 6h08m52.33s N20 05' 12.3" 2.568 1.602 6.6 165.9 37.96 279.3 Ori
16 Dec 2023 6h03m30.19s N20 17' 42.0" 2.567 1.589 6.5 172.0 40.06 279.1 Ori
Astreya (5)
11 Dec 2023 6h38m30.50s N15 50' 23.7" 2.222 1.278 9.7 157.8 28.43 275.1 Gem
16 Dec 2023 6h34m25.67s N15 56' 39.6" 2.214 1.253 9.6 163.4 32.64 276.7 Gem
Metida (9)
11 Dec 2023 6h15m25.49s N26 31' 16.8" 2.098 1.132 8.7 164.6 36.74 287.4 Gem
16 Dec 2023 6h10m07.54s N26 52' 25.6" 2.099 1.122 8.5 170.5 39.33 285.0 Gem
Mel'pomena (18)
11 Dec 2023 2h46m11.35s S 3 27' 45.1" 1.872 1.032 8.9 136.3 19.11 340.7 Eri
16 Dec 2023 2h45m52.85s S 2 48' 37.0" 1.880 1.074 9.0 132.0 21.13 0.3 Eri
Fides (37)
11 Dec 2023 5h50m18.11s N28 48' 14.6" 2.189 1.215 9.8 169.1 34.72 272.7 Aur
16 Dec 2023 5h45m04.16s N28 50' 12.9" 2.192 1.211 9.7 173.6 35.96 270.4 Aur
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
11 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz Vegi.
12 dekabrya, 23 chasa 31 minuta - Novolunie.
13 dekabrya, 21 chas 52 minuty - Luna (F= 0,01+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
14 dekabrya, vecher - Maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Geminidy (ZHR= 120) iz sozvezdiya Bliznecov.
15 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Venera bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov.
16 dekabrya, 18 chasov 53 minuty - Luna (F= 0,18+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 367900 km ot centra Zemli
17 dekabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,29+) prohodit yuzhnee Saturna.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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