Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 25 po 31 dekabrya 2023 goda18.12.2023 11:18 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 25 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,96+) proidet severnee Al'debarana, a 26 dekabrya pri faze 0,99+ proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. 27 dekabrya asteroid Astreya (5) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. 28 dekabrya Merkurii proidet v 3,5 gr. severnee Marsa, a 29 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,93-) budet nablyudat'sya severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 31 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,82-) prohodit severnee Regula, a Yupiter dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 11 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote uvelichivaetsya do 7 chasov 05 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya ot 32,52 do 32,53 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 27 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,95+ do 0,77- i uvelichivaya (s 26 dekabrya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca. 25 dekabrya yarkaya Luna (F= 0,96+) proidet severnee Al'debarana, a 26 dekabrya (F= 0,99+) vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde 27 dekabrya primet fazu polnoluniya. 28 dekabrya Luna pri faze 0,97- vstupit v sozvezdie v sozvezdie Raka. Zdes' 29 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,93-) proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 30 dekabrya Luna pri faze 0,89- pereidet v sozvezdie L'va, gde 31 dekabrya (F= 0,82-) proidet severnee Regula. V sozvezdii L'va Luna zakonchit svoi put' po dekabr'skomu nebu pri faze 0,77-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya v nochnoe vremya, a Saturn i Neptun - po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) s bleskom okolo 8m nahoditsya bliz Vegi. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 6,5m) v sozvezdii Oriona i Tel'ca.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, 27 dekabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Merkurii viden na fone utrennei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety k koncu nedeli uvelichivaetsya do 18 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya uvelichivaetsya do +0,6m, vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 10 do 9 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya 0,27. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,68 do 0,78 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2023 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2023 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2023.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 37 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 14 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,75. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,14 do 1,18 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2023.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca, 30 dekabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Strel'ca. Mars viden na utrennem nebe v yuzhnyh shirotah. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,44 do 2,42 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2023.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno (31 dekabrya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe) po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 44 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,6m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,38 - 4,48 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2023.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,20 do 10,29 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2023.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe okolo protivostoyaniya s Solncem. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 18,89 do 18,98 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2023.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,02 do 30,14 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2023.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Dec 2023 16h45m55.10s S20 14' 50.9" 2.755 3.650 8.9 21.0 62.34 100.8 Oph 31 Dec 2023 16h54m33.64s S20 37' 15.9" 2.759 3.628 8.9 24.1 61.79 100.1 Oph Pallada (2) 26 Dec 2023 15h10m28.06s N 0 49' 24.1" 2.612 3.115 9.6 51.1 60.89 84.0 Vir 31 Dec 2023 15h18m25.92s N 1 03' 48.8" 2.624 3.075 9.6 54.2 59.89 82.2 Ser Yunona (3) 26 Dec 2023 11h15m02.66s S 1 40' 42.2" 2.489 2.072 9.8 103.2 19.40 101.7 Leo 31 Dec 2023 11h17m19.28s S 1 46' 17.0" 2.503 2.022 9.7 107.7 14.63 96.4 Leo Vesta (4) 26 Dec 2023 5h52m16.59s N20 43' 36.5" 2.565 1.585 6.5 174.0 40.58 279.2 Ori 31 Dec 2023 5h46m46.06s N20 56' 37.1" 2.563 1.594 6.6 168.0 39.04 279.4 Tau Astreya (5) 26 Dec 2023 6h24m57.58s N16 16' 46.2" 2.199 1.220 9.3 172.6 37.50 279.5 Ori 31 Dec 2023 6h19m55.78s N16 30' 11.2" 2.192 1.213 9.3 172.1 37.93 280.9 Ori Metida (9) 26 Dec 2023 5h58m45.33s N27 29' 01.0" 2.103 1.122 8.4 174.4 39.80 281.4 Tau 31 Dec 2023 5h53m10.30s N27 43' 41.2" 2.105 1.131 8.6 168.9 37.72 279.9 Tau Mel'pomena (18) 26 Dec 2023 2h47m46.92s S 1 14' 24.1" 1.898 1.166 9.3 123.8 28.63 26.2 Eri 31 Dec 2023 2h49m55.44s S 0 21' 25.7" 1.907 1.216 9.4 119.9 32.91 34.1 Cet Fides (37) 26 Dec 2023 5h34m34.79s N28 46' 15.4" 2.198 1.224 9.8 169.3 34.10 266.0 Aur 31 Dec 2023 5h29m45.93s N28 40' 43.1" 2.201 1.239 9.9 163.7 31.23 263.6 Aur a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2023 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
25 dekabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,96+) bliz Al'debarana.
26 dekabrya, 21 chas 51 minuta - Luna (F= 0,99+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
27 dekabrya, 00 chasov 32 minuty - Polnolunie.
28 dekabrya, utro - Merkurii prohodit v 3,5 gr. severnee Marsa.
29 dekabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,96-) bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
30 dekabrya, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz Vegi.
31 dekabrya, 15 chasov 09 minut - Yupiter v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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