Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 8 po 14 yanvarya 2024 goda29.12.2023 10:15 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Dlya znatokov astronomii. Kakaya zvezda dvazhdy v den' vpolne opravdyvaet svoe nazvanie?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 8 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,11-) proidet severnee Antaresa (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike), a pri faze 0,08- - yuzhnee Venery. 9 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,04-) proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya, a 10 yanvarya pri faze 0,02- dostignet tochki maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora (bliz Marsa). 11 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,0) budet imet' maksimal'nuyu severnuyu libraciyu po shirote 6,5 gradusov. 12 yanvarya Merkurii dostignet maksimal'noi zapadnoi (utrennei) elongacii 23 gradusa, a 13 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,05+) proidet perigei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 362264 km ot centra Zemli. 14 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,12+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna. Na nochnom nebe vidny dve dostatochno yarkie komety P/Pons-Brooks (12P) i P/Tsuchinshan (62P), kotorye dostupny dlya nablyudenii v binokl'. Interesno takzhe, chto v sozvezdii Ovna okolo komety P/Kushida (144P) nahoditsya asteroid s takim zhe nomerom (144) Vibilia, a Vesta nablyudaetsya bliz M1.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 12 do 13 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 40 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,53 do 32,52 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 11 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga i Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,15- do 0,16+ i umen'shaya (s 10 yanvarya - uvelichivaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Skorpiona. Zdes' 8 yanvarya Luna pri faze 0,11- pokroet Antares (vidimost' v Severnoi Amerike). V etot zhe den' tonkii mesyac (F= 0,08-) proidet yuzhnee Venery i pereidet v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. 9 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,04-) proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya i pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca, gde 10 yanvarya pri faze 0,02- proidet yuzhnee Marsa, a 11 yanvarya primet fazu novoluniya. 12 yanvarya pri faze 0,01+ molodoi mesyac pereidet v sozvezdie Kozeroga i probudet zdes' do 13 yanvarya, uvelichiv fazu do 0,08+. Pereidya v sozvezdie Vodoleya Luna (F= 0,12+) 14 yanvarya proidet yuzhnee Saturna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu, a Saturn i Neptun - po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) s bleskom okolo 8m nahoditsya bliz zvezdy gamma Lebedya, a kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) bliz zvezdy beta L'va s bleskom okolo 7m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 7m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca, 10 yanvarya perehodya v sozvezdie Strel'ca. Merkurii viden na fone utrennei zari levee Venery. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety ot Solnca sostavlyaet okolo 23 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya uvelichivaetsya ot -0,1m do -0,2m, vidimyi diametr umen'shaetsya ot 7 do 6 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,52 do 0,68. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,92 do 1,06 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 35 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 13 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,8. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,22 do 1,27 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr - menee 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,40 do 2,38 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 42 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,4m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,59 - 4,70 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,38 do 10,46 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na nochnom nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,07 do 19,18 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,26 do 30,37 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 11 Jan 2024 17h13m24.75s S21 20' 08.4" 2.768 3.567 9.0 30.8 60.32 98.4 Oph 16 Jan 2024 17h21m52.42s S21 36' 46.8" 2.772 3.534 9.0 33.9 59.50 97.7 Oph Pallada (2) 11 Jan 2024 15h35m19.84s N 1 48' 25.4" 2.651 2.983 9.6 61.1 57.44 77.7 Ser 16 Jan 2024 15h42m40.82s N 2 14' 50.6" 2.663 2.938 9.6 64.3 56.21 75.3 Ser Yunona (3) 11 Jan 2024 11h20m09.98s S 1 41' 22.4" 2.533 1.915 9.6 118.2 5.62 44.8 Leo 16 Jan 2024 11h20m25.28s S 1 30' 38.1" 2.547 1.870 9.5 123.3 6.84 351.1 Leo Vesta (4) 11 Jan 2024 5h35m52.69s N21 24' 47.8" 2.560 1.638 6.8 154.4 31.92 281.1 Tau 16 Jan 2024 5h31m48.23s N21 37' 24.4" 2.559 1.668 6.9 148.4 27.33 282.9 Tau Astreya (5) 11 Jan 2024 6h09m19.87s N17 06' 02.0" 2.177 1.222 9.6 161.3 33.95 285.1 Ori 16 Jan 2024 6h05m09.62s N17 24' 34.4" 2.170 1.236 9.7 155.5 30.09 288.2 Ori Metida (9) 11 Jan 2024 5h42m29.21s N28 07' 04.1" 2.110 1.174 8.9 155.8 28.44 277.6 Tau 16 Jan 2024 5h38m46.88s N28 14' 09.5" 2.113 1.203 9.1 149.9 22.58 277.1 Tau Mel'pomena (18) 11 Jan 2024 2h57m10.60s N 1 43' 48.7" 1.929 1.335 9.7 111.7 42.01 45.6 Cet 16 Jan 2024 3h01m31.83s N 2 43' 09.9" 1.939 1.392 9.8 108.2 45.78 49.3 Cet Eleonora (354) 11 Jan 2024 8h00m02.81s N 7 55' 56.6" 2.528 1.569 9.8 163.8 38.55 303.8 CMi 16 Jan 2024 7h55m44.69s N 8 40' 58.1" 2.525 1.556 9.7 167.4 40.76 305.3 CMi a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
08 yanvarya, utro - Luna (F= 0,11-) prohodit severnee Antaresa (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Severnoi Amerike).
09 yanvarya, utro - Luna (F= 0,07-) bliz Merkuriya i Venery.
10 yanvarya, 07 chasov 05 minut - Luna (F= 0,02-) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
11 yanvarya, 11 chasov 57 minut - Novolunie.
12 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) bliz zvezdy beta L'va.
13 yanvarya, 10 chasov 35 minut - Luna (F= 0,05+) v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 362264 km ot centra Zemli.
14 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,13+) bliz Saturna.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 - 2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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