Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 29 yanvarya po 4 fevralya 2024 goda22.01.2024 10:29 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Mozhno li v obychnyi lyubitel'skii teleskop uvidet' celikom sozvezdie Bol'shoi Medvedicy?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 29 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,89-) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405781 km ot centra Zemli, a 31 yanvarya pri faze 0,70- okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 1 fevralya Luna (F= 0,66-) proidet severnee Spiki, a 2 fevralya Merkurii dostignet afeliya svoei orbity. Krome etogo, v teleskop mozhno nablyudat' dostatochno yarkie komety: P/Tsuchinshan (62P), PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3), P/Kushida (144P) i P/Pons-Brooks (12P).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 16 do 18 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 55 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,48 do 32,45 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 2 fevralya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov i Skorpiona, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,9- do 0,3- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 29 yanvarya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,86-) pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, gde i zakonchit svoi put' po nebu yanvarya pri faze 0,68- bliz Spiki. 1 fevralya Luna proidet severnee Spiki pri faze 0,66-. 2 fevralya Luna (F= 0,54-) pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, i primet zdes' v etot den' fazu poslednei chetverti. 4 fevralya lunnyi serp pri faze 0,37- dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona, i budet nablyudat'sya bliz Antaresa. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu, a Saturn i Neptun - po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) nahoditsya bliz zvezdy al'fa Lebedya, kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) vidna bliz zvezdy ro Devy, kometa P/Kushida (144P) - bliz Al'debarana, a kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) vidna bliz Antaresa. Blesk etih komet sostavlyaet okolo 8 - 9m Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz M1).
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii viden na fone utrennei zari bliz Marsa i Venery. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety ot Solnca umen'shaetsya do 16 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -0,3m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,86 do 0,91. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,26 do 1,33 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe pravee Merkuriya i Marsa v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 30 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 12 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,85. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,35 do 1,38 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca bliz Merkuriya i Venery. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,33 do 2,30 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 40 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,3m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,92 - 5,03 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,6 do 10,64 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,41 do 19,52 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,56 do 30,65 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 1 Feb 2024 17h48m16.29s S22 18' 59.5" 2.785 3.409 9.1 44.0 56.40 95.6 Sgr 6 Feb 2024 17h56m15.37s S22 29' 03.5" 2.790 3.364 9.1 47.2 55.24 95.0 Sgr Pallada (2) 1 Feb 2024 16h04m29.35s N 4 06' 08.5" 2.702 2.788 9.6 74.7 51.94 66.6 Ser 6 Feb 2024 16h10m41.13s N 4 49' 26.0" 2.714 2.741 9.6 78.1 50.53 63.3 Ser Yunona (3) 1 Feb 2024 11h16m50.65s S 0 18' 37.0" 2.591 1.752 9.2 140.8 22.84 313.4 Leo 6 Feb 2024 11h14m25.68s N 0 15' 23.6" 2.605 1.724 9.2 146.7 27.79 311.2 Leo Vesta (4) 1 Feb 2024 5h23m43.37s N22 17' 32.5" 2.553 1.802 7.2 130.3 10.92 303.7 Tau 6 Feb 2024 5h22m52.30s N22 30' 10.0" 2.551 1.853 7.3 125.1 6.98 330.9 Tau Metida (9) 1 Feb 2024 5h33m17.50s N28 27' 14.5" 2.123 1.328 9.5 132.6 1.65 303.2 Tau 6 Feb 2024 5h33m39.37s N28 29' 30.2" 2.126 1.376 9.6 127.7 5.21 83.3 Tau Thalia (23) 1 Feb 2024 12h17m41.83s N16 05' 23.1" 2.070 1.280 10.1 131.6 14.52 18.5 Com 6 Feb 2024 12h17m59.07s N16 34' 12.0" 2.076 1.249 10.0 136.2 15.52 352.6 Com Eleonora (354) 1 Feb 2024 7h42m01.72s N11 25' 50.5" 2.516 1.562 9.8 161.4 40.26 312.3 CMi 6 Feb 2024 7h38m16.65s N12 20' 18.3" 2.513 1.579 9.9 156.2 37.99 315.6 CMi Herculina (532) 1 Feb 2024 13h51m05.64s N 9 52' 36.0" 2.274 1.767 9.8 108.0 37.09 70.5 Boo 6 Feb 2024 13h55m34.75s N10 19' 29.0" 2.273 1.715 9.7 111.8 33.99 64.3 Boo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya i fevralya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
29 yanvarya, 08 chasov 14 minut - Luna (F= 0,89-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405781 km ot centra Zemli (D= 29,44 minut dugi).
30 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) bliz zvezdy ro Devy.
31 yanvarya, 20 chasov 16 minut - Luna (F= 0,70-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
01 fevralya, utro - Luna (F= 0,67-) bliz Spiki.
02 fevralya, 23 chasa 18 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
03 fevralya, utro - Merkurii bliz afeliya svoei orbity.
04 fevralya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Kushida (144P) bliz zvezdy Al'debaran.
.Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N01-2024 i N02-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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