Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 22 po 28 yanvarya 2024 goda15.01.2024 11:26 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Skol'ko let nablyudaetsya planeta Neptun?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 23 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,93+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a 24 yanvarya budet imet' mesto maksimal'naya yuzhnaya libraciya Luny po shirote 6,6 gradusov. 25 yanvarya Luna (F= 1,0) proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 27 yanvarya Uran dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu, Merkurii proidet v 0,3 gr. severnee Marsa, a Luna (F= 0,96-) proidet severnee Regula. 28 yanvarya kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) pri bleske okolo 8m budet nahodit'sya v polutora gradusah yuzhnee Antaresa. Na nochnom nebe vidny dve dostatochno yarkie komety P/Pons-Brooks (12P) i P/Tsuchinshan (62P), kotorye dostupny dlya nablyudenii v binokl'.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 14 do 16 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 30 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,51 do 32,48 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 25 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,86+ do 0,9- i uvelichivaya (s 23 yanvarya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca. 22 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,92+) vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde probudet do 25 yanvarya. V etot den' Luna (F= 0,99+) vstupit v sozvezdie Raka, gde primet fazu polnoluniya bliz rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 26 yanvarya Luna pri faze 0,99- pereidet v sozvezdie L'va, gde 27 yanvarya (F= 0,96-) proidet severnee Regula. Nochnoe svetilo probudet v sozvezdii L'va do konca nedeli, nablyudayas' vsyu noch'. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu, a Saturn i Neptun - po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) s bleskom okolo 8m nahoditsya bliz zvezdy gamma Lebedya, kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) bliz zvezdy beta L'va s bleskom okolo 8m, a kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) pri bleske 8m okolo podnimaetsya iz yuzhnogo polushariya neba i vidna yuzhnee Antaresa. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz M1).
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii viden na fone utrennei zari bliz Marsa i levee Venery. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety ot Solnca umen'shaetsya do 19 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -0,2m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,79 do 0,86. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,17 do 1,26 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe pravee Merkuriya i Marsa v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 32 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 13 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,85. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,31 do 1,35 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca bliz Merkuriya i levee Venery. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,36 do 2,33 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 40 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,3m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,81 - 4,92 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,53 do 10,60 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie (27 yanvarya menyaya dvizhenie na pryamoe), peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,29 do 19,41 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,47 do 30,56 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Jan 2024 17h30m14.64s S21 51' 43.0" 2.777 3.498 9.0 37.0 58.61 97.0 Oph 26 Jan 2024 17h38m30.59s S22 05' 01.9" 2.781 3.459 9.1 40.2 57.65 96.3 Oph Pallada (2) 21 Jan 2024 15h49m47.46s N 2 45' 12.8" 2.675 2.892 9.6 67.5 54.91 72.8 Ser 26 Jan 2024 15h56m38.53s N 3 19' 34.5" 2.687 2.845 9.6 70.8 53.59 70.1 Ser Yunona (3) 21 Jan 2024 11h20m00.90s S 1 14' 18.5" 2.561 1.829 9.4 128.6 11.32 327.7 Leo 26 Jan 2024 11h18m57.27s S 0 52' 20.5" 2.575 1.791 9.3 134.1 16.54 318.5 Leo Vesta (4) 21 Jan 2024 5h28m25.67s N21 49' 57.0" 2.557 1.705 7.0 142.6 22.26 285.8 Tau 26 Jan 2024 5h25m48.73s N22 02' 28.5" 2.555 1.746 7.1 136.9 17.01 290.8 Tau Astreya (5) 21 Jan 2024 6h01m37.85s N17 44' 06.0" 2.164 1.256 9.8 149.8 25.37 292.7 Ori 26 Jan 2024 5h58m51.64s N18 04' 19.0" 2.158 1.281 9.9 144.2 20.22 299.7 Ori Metida (9) 21 Jan 2024 5h35m59.10s N28 19' 32.9" 2.116 1.237 9.2 144.3 16.15 277.1 Tau 26 Jan 2024 5h34m09.76s N28 23' 37.4" 2.119 1.276 9.3 138.9 9.49 278.5 Tau Mel'pomena (18) 21 Jan 2024 3h06m28.66s N 3 43' 09.5" 1.949 1.451 9.9 104.7 49.19 52.4 Cet 26 Jan 2024 3h11m57.90s N 4 43' 14.9" 1.960 1.511 10.0 101.4 52.25 55.1 Cet Eleonora (354) 21 Jan 2024 7h51m20.54s N 9 29' 47.4" 2.522 1.550 9.7 168.5 41.82 307.0 CMi 26 Jan 2024 7h46m59.28s N10 21' 27.8" 2.519 1.551 9.7 166.5 41.75 309.1 CMi a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
22 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Vesta bliz M1.
23 yanvarya, 03 chasa 45 minut - Luna (F= 0,93+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
24 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz zvezdy gamma Lebedya.
25 yanvarya, 17 chasov 54 minuty - Polnolunie.
26 yanvarya, i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Mars bliz Merkuriya.
27 yanvarya, 10 chasov 44 minuty - Uran v stoyanii s perehodom k pryamomu dvizheniyu.
28 yanvarya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,95-) bliz Regula.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 - 2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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