Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 19 po 25 fevralya 2024 goda13.02.2024 11:39 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Kakoe astronomicheskoe yavlenie nel'zya nablyudat' na ekvatore Zemli?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 19 fevralya Luna (F= 0,77+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a 20 fevralya budet imet' mesto maksimal'naya yuzhnaya libraciya Luny po shirote 6,7 gradusov. 22 fevralya Venera proidet v 0,6 gr. severnee Marsa, a Luna (F= 0,95+) - severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). 24 fevralya Luna (F= 1,0) proidet severnee Regula, a 25 fevralya pri faze 0,99- dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406316 km ot centra Zemli. V etot zhe den' proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,99-) zvezdy sigma L'va (4m) pri vidimosti v Sibiri i na Dal'nem Vostoke. Krome etogo, v teleskop mozhno nablyudat' dostatochno yarkie komety: P/Tsuchinshan (62P), PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3), P/Kushida (144P) i P/Pons-Brooks (12P).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 22 do 25 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 10 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,37 do 32,32 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 24 fevralya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Tel'ca, Bliznecov, Raka i L'va, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,73+ do 0,98- i uvelichivaya (s 19 fevralya - umen'shaya) sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Tel'ca. 19 fevralya lunnyi oval (F= 0,75+) vstupit v sozvezdie Bliznecov, gde probudet do 21 fevralya. V etot den' Luna (F= 0,91+) vstupit v sozvezdie Raka, gde 22 fevralya pri faze 0,95+ proidet severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44). V etot zhe den' yarkii lunnyi disk pri faze 0,98+ pereidet v sozvezdie L'va, gde 24 fevralya proidet severnee Regula i primet fazu polnoluniya. 25 fevralya nochnoe svetilo budet prodolzhat' peremeshat'sya po sozvezdiyu L'va, nablyudayas' vsyu noch'.Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya v vechernie chasy, a Saturn i Neptun nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Yashericy i Andromedy, kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) nahoditsya bliz zvezdy ro Devy, kometa P/Kushida (144P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca bliz Al'debarana, a kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) peremeshaetsya k severu po sozvezdiyu Zmei, v konce nedeli perehodya v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Blesk etih komet sostavlyaet okolo 8 - 9m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 7,5m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, 21 fevralya perehodya v sozvezdie Vodoleya. Merkurii nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden, t.k. priblizhaetsya k verhnemu soedineniyu s Solncem. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety ot Solnca umen'shaetsya k koncu nedeli do 3 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya uvelichivaetsya do -1,4m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza blizka k 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,39 do 1,38 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Venera nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 25 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 11 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,45 do 1,49 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga bliz Venery. Mars nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,2m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,25 do 2,23 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na vechernem nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 37 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,2m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,25 - 5,35 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn nahoditsya na vechernem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,70 do 10,71 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,76 do 19,88 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun nahoditsya na vechernem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,78 do 30,83 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 21 Feb 2024 18h19m11.33s S22 51' 56.2" 2.802 3.213 9.1 57.1 51.08 93.6 Sgr 26 Feb 2024 18h26m25.88s S22 57' 36.1" 2.806 3.158 9.0 60.5 49.48 93.2 Sgr Pallada (2) 21 Feb 2024 16h27m05.54s N 7 23' 25.4" 2.750 2.597 9.5 88.2 46.14 51.6 Her 26 Feb 2024 16h31m44.33s N 8 22' 23.3" 2.762 2.550 9.5 91.7 44.73 47.1 Her Yunona (3) 21 Feb 2024 11h04m18.97s N 2 24' 13.3" 2.646 1.679 8.9 164.9 38.36 308.8 Leo 26 Feb 2024 11h00m19.81s N 3 13' 15.8" 2.660 1.678 8.8 171.0 39.94 308.7 Leo Vesta (4) 21 Feb 2024 5h25m04.38s N23 08' 14.3" 2.544 2.024 7.6 110.5 14.10 64.5 Tau 26 Feb 2024 5h27m17.20s N23 20' 45.0" 2.542 2.084 7.7 106.0 18.50 71.2 Tau Metida (9) 21 Feb 2024 5h40m21.96s N28 33' 32.0" 2.138 1.535 10.0 114.1 23.04 90.1 Tau 26 Feb 2024 5h44m17.09s N28 33' 58.2" 2.142 1.592 10.1 109.9 28.12 90.6 Aur Thalia (23) 21 Feb 2024 12h13m30.08s N18 12' 52.2" 2.097 1.180 9.7 150.3 26.60 309.4 Com 26 Feb 2024 12h10m23.59s N18 45' 35.9" 2.105 1.167 9.6 154.6 30.17 302.0 Com Eleonora (354) 21 Feb 2024 7h30m18.23s N14 58' 44.6" 2.506 1.667 10.2 139.9 27.89 333.1 Gem 26 Feb 2024 7h28m59.73s N15 47' 29.3" 2.504 1.707 10.2 134.6 24.62 342.8 Gem Herculina (532) 21 Feb 2024 14h05m15.91s N12 06' 09.0" 2.272 1.572 9.5 123.5 26.01 36.9 Boo 26 Feb 2024 14h07m05.95s N12 49' 00.3" 2.272 1.530 9.4 127.4 24.49 24.4 Boo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii fevralya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
19 fevralya, 08 chasov 49 minut - Luna (F= 0,77+) prohodit tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k severu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
20 fevralya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz zvezdy beta Pegasa.
21 fevralya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) bliz zvezdy ro Devy.
22 fevralya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,95+) prohodit severnee rasseyannogo zvezdnogo skopleniya Yasli (M44).
23 fevralya, noch' - Luna (F= 1,0) bliz Regula.
24 fevralya, 12 chasov 30 minut - Polnolunie.
25 fevralya, 15 chasov 00 minut - Luna (F= 0,99-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 406316 km ot centra Zemli.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N02-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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