Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 26 fevralya po 3 marta 2024 goda19.02.2024 9:35 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Vopros nedeli. Mozhet li Merkurii vzoiti ran'she Venery pri maksimal'noi utrennei (vechernei) elongacii obeih planet?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 27 fevralya Luna (F= 0,90-) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity. 28 fevralya Merkurii dostignet verhnego soedineniya s Solncem, Merkurii proidet v 0,2 gr. yuzhnee Saturna, a Luna (F= 0,86-) proidet severnee Spiki. V etot zhe den' Saturn vstupit v verhnee soedinenie s Solncem. Interesno, chto samaya dal'nyaya ot Solnca planeta (vidimaya nevooruzhennym glazom) vstupaet v soedinenie s Solncem v odin den' s Merkuriem (samaya blizkaya k Solncu planeta). 1 marta Luna (F= 0,71-) proidet yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Vesov. 3 marta Luna (F= 0,53-) proidet severnee Antaresa (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Amerike), a asteroid Yunona (3) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. Krome etogo, v teleskop mozhno nablyudat' dostatochno yarkie komety: P/Tsuchinshan (62P), PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3), P/Kushida (144P) i P/Pons-Brooks (12P).
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 25 do 28 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 10 chasov 55 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,32 do 32,26 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 3 marta. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya L'va, Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona i Zmeenosca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,98- do 0,46- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii L'va. 26 fevralya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,98-) pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, gde 28 fevralya pri faze 0,86- proidet severnee Spiki. 29 fevralya Luna (F= 0,76-) pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov, gde zakonchit svoi put' po zimnemu nebu pri faze 0,75-. 1 marta lunnyi oval provedet v sozvezdii Vesov. 2 marta Luna (F= 0,61-) dostignet sozvezdiya Skorpiona, a 3 marta pri faze 0,53- pokroet Antares (vidimost' v Amerike). V etot zhe den' lunnyi poludisk primet fazu poslednei chetveri i pereidet (F= 0,49-) v sozvezdie Zmeenosca. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya v vechernie chasy, a Saturn i Neptun nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Andromedy, kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) nahoditsya bliz zvezdy ro Devy, kometa P/Kushida (144P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca, a kometa PANSTARRS (C/2021 S3) peremeshaetsya k severu po sozvezdiyam Zmeenosca i Zmei. Blesk etih komet sostavlyaet okolo 8 - 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (okolo 7,5m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Merkurii ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v verhnee soedinenie s Solncem 28 fevralya. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety ot Solnca uvelichivaetsya k koncu nedeli do 4 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya uvelichivaetsya do -1,6m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 5 sekund dugi, a faza blizka k 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,38 do 1,34 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Venera nahoditsya na utrennem nebe bliz Marsa. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 24 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 11 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,9. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,49 do 1,52 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga bliz Venery. Mars nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,2m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,23 do 2,20 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 36 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,35 - 5,45 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v soedinenie s Solncem 28 fevralya. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna sostavlyaet okolo 10,71 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden v vechernie chasy. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,88 do 19,99 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun nahoditsya na vechernem nebe, no vidimost' ego blizitsya k zaversheniyu. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,83 do 30,87 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Feb 2024 18h26m25.88s S22 57' 36.1" 2.806 3.158 9.0 60.5 49.48 93.2 Sgr 2 Mar 2024 18h33m26.60s S23 02' 33.0" 2.809 3.101 9.0 63.9 47.76 93.0 Sgr Pallada (2) 26 Feb 2024 16h31m44.33s N 8 22' 23.3" 2.762 2.550 9.5 91.7 44.73 47.1 Her 2 Mar 2024 16h35m55.57s N 9 24' 53.0" 2.774 2.504 9.4 95.1 43.40 42.1 Her Yunona (3) 26 Feb 2024 11h00m19.81s N 3 13' 15.8" 2.660 1.678 8.8 171.0 39.94 308.7 Leo 2 Mar 2024 10h56m13.97s N 4 03' 37.5" 2.673 1.683 8.7 176.7 40.43 308.8 Leo Vesta (4) 26 Feb 2024 5h27m17.20s N23 20' 45.0" 2.542 2.084 7.7 106.0 18.50 71.2 Tau 2 Mar 2024 5h30m10.18s N23 32' 59.8" 2.539 2.147 7.7 101.6 22.74 75.2 Tau Metida (9) 26 Feb 2024 5h44m17.09s N28 33' 58.2" 2.142 1.592 10.1 109.9 28.12 90.6 Aur 2 Mar 2024 5h48m55.97s N28 33' 48.3" 2.146 1.651 10.2 105.9 32.77 91.1 Aur Thalia (23) 26 Feb 2024 12h10m23.59s N18 45' 35.9" 2.105 1.167 9.6 154.6 30.17 302.0 Com 2 Mar 2024 12h06m38.15s N19 15' 53.7" 2.112 1.160 9.5 158.2 32.98 295.9 Com Eleonora (354) 26 Feb 2024 7h28m59.73s N15 47' 29.3" 2.504 1.707 10.2 134.6 24.62 342.8 Gem 2 Mar 2024 7h28m25.41s N16 33' 22.9" 2.502 1.752 10.3 129.5 22.08 355.2 Gem Herculina (532) 26 Feb 2024 14h07m05.95s N12 49' 00.3" 2.272 1.530 9.4 127.4 24.49 24.4 Boo 2 Mar 2024 14h08m10.69s N13 34' 30.7" 2.273 1.492 9.3 131.4 23.84 10.7 Boo a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii fevralya i marta mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
26 fevralya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz zvezdy al'fa Andromedy.
27 fevralya, 22 chasa 52 minuty - Luna (F= 0,90-) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
28 fevralya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) bliz zvezdy ro Devy.
29 fevralya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,83-) bliz Spiki.
01 marta, noch' - Luna (F= 0,75-) bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov.
02 marta, noch' - Asteroid Yunona (3) bliz protivostoyaniya s Solncem.
03 marta, 15 chasov 24 minuty - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N02-2024 i 03-2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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